Question 1

Distinguish between Weather and Climate.

Accepted Answer

Weather: Weather is a day-to-day conditions of atmosphere at any place in regard to temperature, pressure wind, humidity and rainfall.Climate: Climate is the average state of weather for a longer period  of time at any place. Weather records of a minimum period $35$ years are found necessary to obtain reliable average.

Question 2

Tsunamis are not caused by __________.

Accepted Answer

A Tsunami is a series of large waves generated by an abrupt movement on the ocean floor that can result from an earthquake, an underwater landslide, a volcanic eruption.

Question 3

Variations in the length of day time and night time from season to season are due to _______.

Accepted Answer

Variations in the length of day and night time from season to season on the earth's surface is due to the axial tilt of earth's rotation axis with respect to its orbital axis. This causes variations in the intensity of Sun's rays falling at a given place over the span of a year leading to variations in day and night time.

Question 4

The place where an earthquake originates is called _______.

Accepted Answer

Focus is the place where an earthquake originates the focus is also called the hypocenter of an earthquake. The earthquake waves start at the focus and travel outward in all directions.

Question 5

A very large area of sea surrounded on three sides by land is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A Gulf is a very large area of water surrounded by land on 3 sides. Bay is generally smaller than a gulf. A Lagoon is a part of a shallow body of water which is seperated naturally by a large body of water.

Question 6

Which type of forests occupies the highest percentage of area in India?

Accepted Answer

Tropical Deciduous Forests, also called the Monsoon forests occupies highest percentage of area in India. They grow in the areas with annual rainfall of 70-200 cm. Sandal wood, Shisam, Mahua, Sal, Teak and Bamboo are important species of trees. Moist deciduous and the dry deciduous forests are two major categories of these forests.

Question 7

What is meant by Indian Standard Time? Why do we need a Standard Meridian for India?

Accepted Answer

The time applicable allover India is Indian Standard Time.To avoid time gap of two hours between east and west part ofIndia which may create confusion in working, it is essential to have a Standard Meridian.

Question 8

Which one among the following processes is not part of a chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Exfoliation involves the removal of the oldest dead skin cells on the skin's outermost surface. Exfoliation is involved in all facials, during microdermabrasion or chemical peels. It is not a chemical weathering.

Question 9

"The land of India displays great physical variations". Justify this statement with five examples.

Accepted Answer

(1) Southern India(i) Geologically, the peninsular plateau constitutes one of the ancient landmasses on the earth's surface. It was supposed to be one of the most stable land blocks.(ii) The Peninsular Plateau is composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks with gently rising hills and wide valleys.(2) Northern India(i) The Himalayas and the Northern Plains are the most recent landforms.(ii) From the view point of geology, Himalayan Mountains form an unstable zone.(iii) The whole mountain system of Himalaya represents a very youthful topography with high peaks, deep valleys and fast flowing rivers.(iv) The Northern Plains are formed of alluvial deposits.(3) Western India: The Thar Desert covers the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan where they receive less annual rainfall of 50 cms.(4) Eastern India: The plains have several perennial rivers. It receives a good amount of rainfall. Mawsynram in the North-East records the highest rainfall in the world.

Question 10

Arrange the following layers of atmosphere vertically from the surface of the Earth.1. Mesosphere 2. Troposphere 3. Stratosphere 4. Thermosphere.

Accepted Answer

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