Q: Which one of the following disputes can the Supreme Court not take up?

The Supreme Court has a very high appellate jurisdiction; it is the highest court of appeal. It can settle disputes between state and central governments, between two states and between citizens and state. But it cannot solve disputes between two countries.

Question 1

Explain the power and functions of the Supreme Court.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court is the Apex court of India. The judges of Supreme court are appointed by the President in consultation with such other judges of the supreme court and high court. The Supreme Court is primarily a court of appeal though it hears cases in the original jurisdiction. It is the last resort in case of appeals. It is the guarantor and guardian of Fundamental Rights and exercises the power of judicial review to check the actions of legislative and administrative authority. It has the power of giving an advisory opinion to the President in certain matters. It hears interstates disputes and disputes between center and states. It issues writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights and hears PIL (Public Interest Legislation).

Question 2

What are the qualifications of the Supreme Court Judge?

Accepted Answer

Article 124(3) provides for the qualifications required for appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court. The qualifications are:(a) The person should be a citizen of India; and(b) He/She should have been for at least five years a Judge of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession; or(c) He/She has been for at least ten years an advocate of a High Court or of two or more such courts in succession; or(d) He/She is, in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist.

Question 3

How many High Courts in India have jurisdiction over more than one State (Union Territories not included)?

Accepted Answer

The Gauhati High Court has jurisdiction over Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Arunachal Pradesh and High Court of Hyderabad has jurisdiction over Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. These two High Court's have jurisdiction over one or more states excluding Union Territories. Besides these following High Courts share with states and Union Territories:1. Bombay high court - Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu.2. Kolkata High court- Kolkata and Andaman and Nicobar                                 3. Kerala high court- Kerala and Lakshadweep4.Madras high court- madras and Pondicherry5.Punjab and high court- Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh

Question 4

Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts?

Accepted Answer

The Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President under &#10;Article 124(4) and 217 of the Constitution of India. The Supreme Court &#10;judges are appointed on the recommendation of the collegium. If the &#10;collegium approves the names, they are sent to the President of India &#10;through the Union government for appointments.

Question 5

Which of these disputes can the Supreme Court take?

Accepted Answer

Article 131 of Indian Constitution provides for Original Jurisdiction that deals with disputes (i) between the Government of India and one or more States, (ii) between the Government of India and any State or States on the one side and one or more other States on the other, or (iii) between two or more states. Apart from it, SC can also take up disputes between the centre and the citizens of country as well as between citizens of the country.

Question 6

Which body acts as the guardian of Fundamental Rights?

Accepted Answer

The body which acts as the guardian of Fundamental Rights is the Supreme Court. The court protect the Fundamental Rights of the citizens from being exploited. The Supreme Court as the Guardian of Fundamental Rights can declare any &#10;law null and void if it violates. The Court also protect these rights if&#10; they are infringed by the action of the executive.

Question 7

Integrated judicial system is ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Integrated judicial system means that decisions made by higher courts are binding on the lower courts. All the lower courts from the Gram Panchayat to the High Courts are integrated into the Supreme Court of India. The integration is through the appellate system existing in the Indian Constitution. Any person can appeal to a higher court if they believe that the judgment passed by the lower court is not just.

Question 8

Which one of the following disputes can the Supreme Court not take up?

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has a very high appellate&#10;jurisdiction; it is the highest court of appeal. It can settle disputes between&#10;state and central governments, between two states and between citizens and&#10;state. But it cannot solve disputes between two countries.

Question 9

Mention the advisory functions of the Supreme Court.

Accepted Answer

Article 143 of the Indian Constitution empowers the Supreme Court with advisory jurisdiction. This allows the President to seek an opinion of the Supreme Court on any issue of law or matter of public importance on which he deems it urgent to take such an opinion. On such mention from the President, the Supreme Court, after giving the issue such hearing as it deems fit, may report to the President its opinion thereon. The opinion is not compulsory but only advisory, and the President is free to follow or not to follow. However, the opinion extended under advisory jurisdiction carries great weight.

Question 10

Judiciary system provides a mechanism for resolving disputes between _____________.

Accepted Answer

&#10;&#10;The Judiciary is the system of court that interprets and applies the law in the name of the state. The judiciary system provides a mechanism for resolving disputes between the following:-CitizensCitizens and governmentTwo state governments&#10;&#10;