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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 : Animal Kingdom

This article deals with NCERT Solutions for Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Chapter 4. Class 11 Biology is a challenge, and NCERT Solutions can readily meet it. In other words, these solutions make class 11 Biology an easy interesting subject. Above all, the preparations of these solutions take place by expert teachers. Furthermore, these teachers know advanced Biology extensively.

Firstly, animals refer to multicellular organisms. Animals are all around us. In other words, the animal kingdom certainly is a very important kingdom in Biology. Furthermore, animals are of different types. Animals have different structures and forms. Also, there has been a discovery of over a million species of animals. Consequently, this shows the great need for classifying animals appropriately. Classification of animals helps in giving a position to species.

Animal Kingdom class 11 is a very important chapter of class 11 in Biology. Furthermore, the chapter would help students in preparation for zoology. Most importantly, the animal kingdom is a topic that has wide applications in many fields. Thus, the classification of animals would certainly help in the quick identification of animals. In addition, it would serve as an official record of all animal species. Therefore, this record is of paramount importance when dealing with animals. Finally, it is essential for improvements in medical science.

Table of Content

Introduction

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Page Number 62

Question 1

What are the difficulties that you would face in classification of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into account?

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Solution

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1. There are numerous animal species which show great variety of life. The various common fundamental characters are taken into account for the classification of these animals. If this has not been done, it is not possible to deal with every living form separately at individual level. Therefore, a classification has to be based on the common fundamental characters to study the diversity properly.
2. The inter relationship among different animals will not be traceable.
3. The picture of all animals at a glance will not be projected.
4. The development of other animal species will not be made.

Question 2

If you are given a specimen, what are the steps that you would follow to classify it?

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Solution

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There are some fundamental features that help in the classification of living organisms and the features that can be used in classification are as follows:

1. Level of classification: Cellular, tissue, or organ level.

2. Body cavity: Absent or present

3. Type of body symmetry: Asymmetrical, Radial or bilateral

4. Type of coelom development: Acoelom, Pseudocoelom and true coelom.

5. Type of true coelom: Enterocoelom and Schizocoelom.

Question 3

How useful is the study of the nature of body cavity and coelom in the classification of animals?

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Solution

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The coelom is a fluid-filled space between the body wall and gut wall and is lined by mesoderm on all of its sides.
The presence or absence of body cavity or coelom plays a very important role in the classification of animals.
Animals that possess a fluid-filled cavity between the body wall and digestive tract are known as coelomates.
Annelids, mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms, and chordates are examples of coelomates.
On the other hand, the animals in which the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm are known as pseudocoelomates. In such animals, mesoderm is scattered in between ectoderm and endoderm. Aschelminthes is an example of pseudocoelomates.
In certain animals, the body cavity is absent. They are known as acoelomates. An example of acoelomates is Platyhelminthes.

Question 4

Distinguish between intracellular and extracellular digestion?

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Solution

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Intercellular Digestion:

1. Digestion occurs in the food vacuoles within cells.

2. Lysosomal enzymes are secreted into the food vacuole.

3. Products of digestion diffuse into the cytoplasm through the vacuolar membrane.

4. Ingestion occurs through pinocytic vesicle,e.g. protozoans, sponges and coelenterates.

Extracellular Digestion:

1. Digestion occurs outside of cells in the lumen of the alimentary canal.

2. Salivary, gastric pancreatic and intestinal enzymes are secreted into the digestive cavity.

3. Digested food materials are absorbed into the blood through gut epithelia.

4. Ingestion occurs through the mouth, e.g. coelenterates to chordates.

Question 5

Differentiate between direct and indirect development.

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Direct development	Indirect development
In this type of development, embryo develops into a mature individual without involving a larval stage.	It this type of development, sexually-immature larval stage is present.
Metamorphosis is absent.	Metamorphosis is present. It involves development of larva to an adult.
It is seen in fishes, reptiles, birds, mammals.	It is seen in invertebrates and amphibians.

Question 6

What are the peculiar features that you find in parasitic platyhelminthes?

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Solution

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The peculiar features are :

(i) Thick tegument (body covering)

(ii) Adhesive organs like suckers and the hooks

(iii) Loss of locomotary organs

(iv) In tapeworms, the nutrients are directly absorbed through its body surface (digestive system is absent in this animal)
(v) Reproductive system is well developed and they are mostly hermaphrodite

(vi) Mostly anaerobic respiration.

Question 7

What are the reasons that you can think for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of the animal kingdom?

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The phylum Arthropoda consists of about 80% of the total animals in animal kingdom. The reasons for arthropods being the largest group are as follows:

i. Joint legs allow more mobility on land.

ii. Hard exoskeleton which is made up of chitin protects the body.

iii. The hard exoskeleton reduces water loss from the body and thus making them more adapted to terrestrial conditions.

Question 8

Water vascular system is the characteristic of which group among the following:
(a) Porifera

(b) Ctenophora

(d) Chordata

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Solution

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Echinoderms have a water-driven tube system that the members of this phylum use for their locomotion. This system is also known as the water vascular system. It also helps in food capturing. So, the correct answer is option C.

Question 9

All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates. Justify the statement.

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Solution

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Explanation-

All chordates have a notochord. Chordates include Urochordates, Cephalochordates (both are called protochordates) and vertebrates.
In vertebrates, notochord is replaced by vertebral column (backbone. However vertebral column is not present in protochordates.
Therefore, all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.

Question 10

How important is the presence of air bladder in Pisces?

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Answer-

Air bladder in Pisces regulates buoyancy and helps in floating in the water. It prevents them from sinking,
(ii) Air bladder is present in members of the class Osteichthyes.
(iii) Animals of the class Chondrichthyes do not have air bladder and in the absence of air bladder, the animals have to swim constantly to avoid sinking.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 : Animal Kingdom

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom – Brief Overview

4.1 Basis of Classification

4.1.1 Levels of Organization
4.1.2 Symmetry
4.1.3 Diploblastic and Triploblastic Organization
4.1.4 Coelom
4.1.5 Segmentation
4.1.6 Notochord

4.2 Classification of Animals

4.2.1 Phylum– Porifera
4.2.2 Phylum- Coelenterata(Cnidaria)
4.2.3 Phylum- Ctenophora
4.2.4 Phylum- Platyhelminthes
4.2.5 Phylum- Aschelminthes
4.2.6 Phylum- Annelida
4.2.7 Phylum- Arthropoda
4.2.8 Phylum- Mollusca
4.2.9 Phylum- Echinodermata
4.2.10 Phylum- Hemichordata
4.2.11 Phylum- Chordata

4.1 Basis of Classification

The various features of animals serve as the basis of animal classification. 4.1.1 Levels of Organization There are three levels of the organization. Furthermore, these three levels are- cellular, tissue, and organ. 4.1.2 Symmetry Here categorization of animals takes place. Most importantly, this categorization is on the basis of animal symmetry. 4.1.3 Diploblastic and Triploblastic Organization Animals in which arrangement of cells is in two embryonic layers are Diploblastic. In contrast, triploblastic are those in which the developing embryo has a third germinal layer. 4.1.4 Coelom This involves the presence or absence of a cavity between the body wall and the gut wall. Furthermore, this presence or absence of a cavity is essential in classification. Most importantly, this body cavity is coelom. 4.1.5 Segmentation There is an external and internal division of the body into segments. Hence, this is segmentation. 4.1.6 Notochord It refers to a mesodermally derived rod-like structure.

4.2 Classification of Animals

Here is a broad classification of Animalia. Above all, it is based on common fundamental features. Below are different types of Phyla.

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Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 : Animal Kingdom

Q1. List some animals that are found parasitic on human beings from animal kingdom Cass 11 notes Chapter 4 of NCERT Solutions.

Answer: 1. Ascaris (Roundworm) 2. Taenia (Tapeworm) 3. Enterobius (Pinworm) 4. Ancylostoma (Hookworm) 5. Wuchereria (Filarial worm)

Q2. What are the key features of using the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 Notes ?

Answer:

Solutions are present for all the textbook questions.

Conceptual learning abilities are improved among students.

The subject matter experts create the solutions as per the CBSE guidelines.

NCERT Solutions are the most efficient study resource that students can rely on.

The faculty make use of simple and interesting pattern to help students grasp the concepts.

Q3. How to prepare for Animal Kingdom Class 11 Biology Chapter 4?

Answer: The student needs to read the chapter thoroughly first. While reading they should mark all the important words and definitions. This will help them to access important points whenever required. Apart from this, it is also important that they make their own revision notes so that they are able to remember what they are studying. For the subject of Biology, it is very important to learn and retain all the important biological names. Therefore, it is important that the student practices all the important names, time and again.