Q: What is binomial nomenclature? Explain it with a suitable example.

Binomial nomenclature is the system of naming organisms with two components in a scientific manner. It was given by Carolus Linnaeus. In this system, each name has two components - generic name and specific epithet. For example, binomial name for Mango is Mangifera Indica where 'Mangifera' denotes generic name ( genus ) and 'indica' represents specific epithet ( species ).

Question 1

What is the correct way of writing a scientific name ? Illustrate with example.

Accepted Answer

Binomial nomenclature gives each species a scientific name. Scientific name consists of two parts. The first is genus name and second is species name. It is always written in italics (if typed) or underlined (handwritten). The first letter of genus name is always capitalized. However, the first letter of species is not capitalized. For example, the scientific name of human is Homo sapiens. In this, Homo is genus which includes early and modern humans and sapiens is species specific for humans.

Question 2

Explain in brief criteria for animal classification.

Accepted Answer

Criteria for animal classification are:1. Symmetry: Animals are radially symmetrical, bilaterally symmetrical or asymmetrical. 2. Segmentation: Animals may or may not have segmented body. 3. Appendages: Animals may have organs or parts attached to the trunk or outer body wall. 4. Skeleton: Animals may have exoskeleton or endoskeleton.5. Embryonic development:6. Circulatory system: Animal may have open or closed circulatory system.7. Body cavity: Animals may be coelomate, psuedocoelomate or acoelomate. 8. Habitat: Animals may be terrestrial or aquatic. Aquatic animals may live in either fresh water or sea water.9. Germ layers: Animals may be diploblastic or triploblastic.

Question 3

The book 'Genera plantarum' was written by?

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

What is binomial nomenclature? Explain it with a suitable example.

Accepted Answer

&#10;&#10;&#10;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#10;&#9;&#10;&#10;&#10;Binomial&#10;nomenclature is the system of naming organisms with two components in&#10;a scientific manner. It was given by Carolus Linnaeus. In this&#10;system, each name has two components - generic name and specific&#10;epithet. For example, binomial name for Mango is Mangifera Indica&#10;where 'Mangifera' denotes generic name ( genus ) and 'indica'&#10;represents specific epithet ( species ).&#10;&#10;

Question 5

Scientific study of diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships is called

Accepted Answer

Scientific study of diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships is called systematic. Science of naming, describing and classifying organisms is called as taxonomy. Anatomy is the branch of science dealing with the study of structure of organisms. Morphology is the branch of science dealing with the form and structure of organisms. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Question 6

Who proposed the 'Binomial Nomenclature System'?

Accepted Answer

The binomial system of nomenclature was introduced by Carolus Linnaeus. In this system, he gave scientific names to plants and organisms in which the first part is 'genus' and the second part is 'species'.

Question 7

The term 'systematics' refers to.

Accepted Answer

Systemaics is the branch of study of diversity of organisms and all comparative and evolutionary relationship between them.

Question 8

Binomial nomenclature means that every organism has

Accepted Answer

Binomial nomenclature for the scientific naming of organisms was developed by Carolus Linnaeus. This system provides distinct and proper scientific names to the variety of organisms. Each name has two parts, i.e., the first part comprises of its generic name, while the second part is the specific epithet. This naming system which uses two word format is universally accepted and used, as it is more convenient to understand and follow. For example, Mangifera indica Linn., here 'Mangifera' is genus while 'indica' is specific epithet, whereas Linn. represents that this species was first described by Linnaeus. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Question 9

Systematics deals with

Accepted Answer

Nomenclature is to assign a universal scientific name to taxon based on the international rules agreed upon by ICBN/ICZN/ ICVN/ICNCP to maintain uniformity in the system. Classification is arrangement of organisms into groups on the basis of their similarities. Identification is reorganization of an unknown taxon by comparing it with already known taxa and assigning it correct rank and position in taxonomic hierarchy. Description of a plant includes listing of its taxonomic characters that represent its similarities and dissimilarities with other closely related taxa. Systematics is the branch of science that deals with study of diversity of organisms and their comparative and phylogenetic relationships. It aims at identification, nomenclature, description and classification of a taxon to provide an inventory of local, regional and continental plant resources. This makes all provided options correct.

Question 10

Chief merit of Bentham and Hooker's classification is that

Accepted Answer

Bentham and Hooker gave the natural system of classification in which the seeded plants are divided into dicotyledons, gymnosperms and monocotyledons. The dicotyledons are divided into Polypetalae, Gamopetalous, and Mmonochlamydeae. This classes where further divided into cohorts. The classification is based on the natural observation of species. The placement of Gymnospermae between Dicotyledonae and Monocotyledones was considered as a demerit of this classification. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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