Judiciary

Legal Studies

Topics of Law

Arbitration, Tribunal Adjudication and Alternate Dispute Resolution

Human Rights in India

Legal Profession in India

Legal Services

International Context

Class 12 Legal Studies revolves around the practice of Law. Legal Studies of Class 12 consists of a total of seven units. The first unit here is the Judiciary which deals with the various aspects of judiciary. It involves topics like constitution, roles, and impartiality. Furthermore, the Judiciary unit also consists of Structure, Hierarchy, of Courts, and Legal Offices in India. Moreover, the unit also involves Appointments, Trainings, Retirement and Removal of Judges. There is also a topic dealing with Judicial Review here. Moving on, the second unit is Topics in Law. The Topics in Law unit involves topics like Property, Contracts, Torts, Crimes, and Administrative Law. Furthermore, the third unit here is Arbitration, Tribunal Adjudication and Alternate Dispute Resolution. This big unit consists of various topics like Administrative Tribunals, Arbitration, Adversarial and Inquisitorial System, Ombudsman, Mediation and Conciliation, Lok Adalats, Lokpal and Lokayukt. Another unit is Human Rights in India. This unit deals with Human Rights Laws – Constitution, Statutes. Moreover, the unit also deals with Complaint Mechanisms and Human Rights Commissions. The next unit is Legal Profession in India. History of Legal profession in India is discussed in this unit. Also, Role and types of functions of judges and lawyers along with Barristers, Solicitors and Advocates are topics of this chapter. There is a fourth topic in this unit which is Changes Affected by the Indian Advocates Act, 1961. The Legal Services unit deals with three topics- Legal Services, Boards, and Funding. Finally, the seventh unit is International Context that has four units- Introduction to International Law, Sources of International Law, International Institutions, and International Human Rights.