Question 1

An example of ex situ conservation is

Accepted Answer

Conservation of biodiversity is of two types, Ex Situ conservation and In Situ conservation1. Ex Situ conservation means conservation outside the habitats by perpetuating sample population in genetic resource centres, for example, zoos, botanical gardens etc. or in the form of gene pools and gamete storage, germplasm banks for seeds, pollen etc.2. In Situ conservation is the conservation of living resources through their maintenance within the natural ecosystems in which they occur. For example, national parks, sanctuaries, natural reserves, biosphere reserves, sacred grooves etc.Hence, Seed Bank is an example of Ex Situ conservation.So, the correct answer is 'Seed bank'.

Question 2

Which one of the following is an example of ex situ conservation?

Accepted Answer

Ex-situ conservation is the preservation of samples of biological origin outside their natural habitats. This involves conservation of genetic resources as well as wild and cultivated species. A seed bank stores seeds as a source for planting in case seed reserves elsewhere are destroyed. It is a type of gene bank. The seeds stored may be food crops or those of rare species to protect biodiversity. Whereas in-situ conservation is the conservation and maintenance of samples of living organisms in their natural habitat. Wild life sanctuary, sacred groves and national park are examples of in-situ conservation. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Question 3

Explain, giving three reasons, why tropics show greatest levels of species diversity.

Accepted Answer

There are three different reasons which explain why there is species richness in the tropics.Tropical latitudes receive more solar energy than temperate regions, which leads to high productivity and high species diversity. Tropical regions have less seasonal variations and have a more or less constant environment. This promotes the niche specialization and thus, high species richness.Temperate regions were subjected to glaciations during the ice age, while tropical regions remained undisturbed which led to an increase in the species diversity in this region.

Question 4

On a logarithmic scale, the species area relationship is a straight line described by the equation log S = log C + Z log A.What does S, C, Z and A represent in the given equation? Select the correct answer from the codes given below.Species richness = 1Slope of the line  = 2Y- intercept          = 3 Area                    = 4

Accepted Answer

The relationshipbetween species richness and area is rectangular hyperbola for a wide variety of taxa whether they are birds, bats, freshwater fishes or flowering plants and the equation can be given as S =  CA^z .

Question 5

Mention three causes for the loss of biodiversity.

Accepted Answer

Causes for biodiversity loss are:(i) The major cause for the loss of biodiversity is habitat loss or destruction due to deforestation, overpopulation, pollution and global warming. (ii) Over exploitation for commercialization. (iii) Species extinction: It is a natural process by which biodiversity is affected. (iv) Invasive species: The exotic species are introduced into the ecosystem. These species become established and threatens the local biodiversity.

Question 6

Which one of the following is not included under in-situ conservation?

Accepted Answer

In-situ conservation is on-site conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species. It is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural habitat, either by protecting or cleaning up the habitat itself, or by defending the species from preadtors. Around 4% of the total geographical area of the country is used for in-situ conservation. The following methods are presently used for in-situ conservation is biosphere reserves, national parks and wild life sanctuaries. Botanical gardens are included under Ex-situ conservation.

Question 7

The graph shows species area relationship. Answer the followingName the naturalist who studied two kind of relationship shown in the graph. Write the observation made by him

Accepted Answer

Alexander Von Humboldt observed the species area relationship. He observed that when the area explored increases, the species richness increases but till a certain limit. That is represented by the rectangular hyperbola which represents the equation S = CA^Z where S is the species richness, A is the area, C is a constant and Z is the regression constant. The straight line represents the logarithmic form of the same equation which is logS = logC + ZlogA.

Question 8

Which of the following is not an objective of Conservation of Biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity provides numerous direct and indirect service to human beings. They maintain ecological balance and ecosystem stability.For biodiversity conservation, the destruction of habitat should be stopped.Biodiversity should be used sustainably.Fair and equitable sharing of benefits out of resources is crucial.So, the correct option is 'Selective hunting of dangerous and threatening species.'

Question 9

What are sacred groves? Mention any two examples.

Accepted Answer

The sacred grooves are the trees which are considered as socially, culturally, medicinally or religiously important. The common examples of sacred grooves are Ficus Religiosa (Peepal) tree and Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) tree. Tese trees are considered as religiously important due to their huge production of oxygen and helping in maintaining the balance in the atmosphere.

Question 10

Which of the following National Parks is home to the famous musk deer or Hangul?

Accepted Answer

Eaglenest or Eagle's Nest Wildlife Sanctuary is famous for its birds and tiger. Dachigam National Park, Jammu and Kashmir is famous for Hangul, Kashmir stag. Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur is famous for brow-antlered deer and flagship species of Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh is Bengal tiger. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.