Q: Why nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule \$(N_2)\$ and Phosphorus as \$P_4\$?

Nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule (N\$\displaystyle _2\$) with triple bond between two N atoms and phosphorus as P\$\displaystyle _4\$. Nitrogen can form \$\displaystyle p\pi-p\pi\$ multiple bonds. Phosphorous cannot form such bonds due to repulsion between non bonded electrons of inner core. In case of nitrogen, there is no such repulsion as it has only 1s electrons in inner shell so that the overlap of p orbitals to form pi bonds is easy.

Q: What happens when white phosphorus is heated with concentrated \$NaOH\$ solution in an inert atmosphere of \$CO_{2}\$?

White phosphorous dissolves in boiling NaOH solution (in a \$CO_2\$ atmosphere) to give phosphine (\$PH_3\$). The reaction is as follows: \$P_4\$ + \$3NaOH\$ + \$3H_2O\$ \$\rightarrow\$ \$\underset{phosphine}{PH_3}\$ + \$3NaH_2PO_2\$

Q: Sulphuryl chloride \$(SO_2Cl_2)\$ reacts with white phosphorus \$(P_4)\$ to give:

Sulphuryl chloride (\$SO_2Cl_2\$) reacts with white phosphorus (\$P_4\$) to give phosphorous pentachloride and sulphur dioxide.\$\displaystyle 10SO_2Cl_2 + P_4 \rightarrow 4PCl_5 + 10SO_2\$Hence, option A is correct.

Q: The product formed in the reaction of \${SOCl}_{2}\$ with white phosphorus is ?

The reaction involved is \$P_4+8SOCl_2\longrightarrow 4PCl_3+4SO_2+2S_2Cl_2\$Phosphorous trichloride is the product formed when \$SOCl_2\$ reacts with white phosphorous.

Q: Complete the following reaction, \$P_4+NaOH + H_2O\rightarrow \ \ \ \ ?\$

The balanced reaction between \$P_4\$ and \$NaOH\$ along with \$H_2O\$ gives phosphine and sodium hypophosphite.\${P_4}+3NaOH+3H_2O\overset{\Delta}{\rightarrow}\ {PH_3}+ {3NaH_2PO_2}\$.Hence, option B is correct.

Q: White phosphorus \$P_4\$ has the following characteristics.

In white phosphorus \$(P_4),\$\$6\$ P-P single bonds\$4\$ lone pair of electronsBond angle \$\angle\$P-P-P\$=60^o\$Hence, options A, C and D are correct.

Q: Atomicity of Phosphorus is \$4\$.

Atomicity is the number of atoms present in \$1\$ molecule.

Question 1

Why nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule $(N_2)$ and Phosphorus as $P_4$?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule (N$\displaystyle _2$)  with triple bond between two N atoms and phosphorus as P$\displaystyle _4$. Nitrogen can form $\displaystyle p\pi-p\pi$ multiple bonds. Phosphorous cannot form such bonds due to repulsion between non bonded electrons of inner core. In case of nitrogen, there is no such repulsion as it has only 1s electrons in inner shell so that the overlap of p orbitals to form pi bonds is easy.

Question 2

What happens when white phosphorus is heated with concentrated $NaOH$ solution in an inert atmosphere of $CO_{2}$?

Accepted Answer

White&#10;phosphorous dissolves in boiling NaOH solution (in a $CO_2$ atmosphere) to&#10;give phosphine ($PH_3$). The reaction is as follows:&#10;&#10;$P_4$ + $3NaOH$ +&#10;$3H_2O$ $\rightarrow$ $\underset{phosphine}{PH_3}$ + $3NaH_2PO_2$

Question 3

Sulphuryl chloride $(SO_2Cl_2)$ reacts with white phosphorus $(P_4)$ to give:

Accepted Answer

Sulphuryl chloride ($SO_2Cl_2$) reacts with white phosphorus ($P_4$) to give phosphorous pentachloride and sulphur dioxide.$\displaystyle 10SO_2Cl_2 + P_4 \rightarrow  4PCl_5 + 10SO_2$Hence, option A is correct.

Question 4

White phosphorus reacts with caustic soda. The products are $PH_3$ and $NaH_2PO_2$. This reaction is an example of________.

Accepted Answer

Reactions, in which a compound undergoes both oxidation and reduction simultaneously, are called disproportionation.White phosphorus reacts with caustic soda. The products are phosphine $PH_3$ and sodium hypophosphite $NaH_2PO_2$. This reaction is an example of disproportionation.$ P_4 +3NaOH+ 3H_2O \longrightarrow 3NaH_2PO_2 + PH_3$Option (D) is correct.

Question 5

The reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous $N a O H$ gives phosphine along with another phosphorus containing compound. The reaction type, the oxidation states of phosphorus in phosphine and the other product are respectively:

Accepted Answer

Hint: Disproportionation reaction is a reaction in which the same element gets oxidized and gets reduced from one initial oxidation state.Step 1: Write down the reaction:$P_{4(white)} + NaOH \rightarrow PH_3 + NaH_2PO_2$Step 2: Calculate the oxidation state of phosphorous in the various phosphorous compounds:Let the oxidation number of $P$ be $x$ in each case$P_4 \rightarrow 4x=0 \implies x=0$$PH_3 \rightarrow x+3 = 0 \implies x=-3$$NaH_2PO_2 \rightarrow +1+2+x-4 =0 \implies x= +1$Final Answer: Hence the correct option is C.

Question 6

The product formed in the reaction of ${SOCl}_{2}$ with white phosphorus is ?

Accepted Answer

The reaction involved is $P_4+8SOCl_2\longrightarrow 4PCl_3+4SO_2+2S_2Cl_2$Phosphorous trichloride is the product formed when $SOCl_2$ reacts with white phosphorous.

Question 7

Complete the following reaction, $P_4+NaOH + H_2O\rightarrow \ \ \ \ ?$

Accepted Answer

The balanced reaction between $P_4$ and $NaOH$ along with $H_2O$ gives phosphine and sodium hypophosphite.${P_4}+3NaOH+3H_2O\overset{\Delta}{\rightarrow}\ {PH_3}+ {3NaH_2PO_2}$.Hence, option B is correct.

Question 8

Which of the following are correct statements about white phosphorus $(P_4)$ ?

Accepted Answer

A) Out of five valence electrons of P atom, 3 electrons are involved in bond formation with three other P atoms and one lone pair is remaining.Thus, statement A is correct.B) White phosphorus has a pyramidal structure with a bond angle of $60^0$.Thus, statement B is incorrect.C) A $P_4$ molecule has six P-P bonds.Thus, statement C is correct.D) White phosphorus disproportionates on reaction with alkalis.$P_4+3NaOH+3H_2O \rightarrow \underset {sodium\ hypophosphite } {3NaH_2PO_2} + \underset {phosphine} {PH_3}$Thus, the statement D is correct.

Question 9

White phosphorus $P_4$ has the following characteristics.

Accepted Answer

In white phosphorus $(P_4),$$6$ P-P single bonds$4$ lone pair of electronsBond angle $\angle$P-P-P$=60^o$Hence, options A, C and D are correct.

Question 10

Atomicity of Phosphorus is $4$.

Accepted Answer

Atomicity is the number of atoms present in $1$ molecule.

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Phosphorus and its Allotropes

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Phosphorous and its Allotropes

Why nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule $(N_{2})$ and Phosphorus as $P_{4}$ ?

What happens when white phosphorus is heated with concentrated $N a O H$ solution in an inert atmosphere of $C O_{2}$ ?

Sulphuryl chloride $(S O_{2} C l_{2})$ reacts with white phosphorus $(P_{4})$ to give:

White phosphorus reacts with caustic soda. The products are $P H_{3}$ and $N a H_{2} P O_{2}$ . This reaction is an example of________.

The reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous $N a O H$ gives phosphine along with another phosphorus containing compound. The reaction type, the oxidation states of phosphorus in phosphine and the other product are respectively:

The product formed in the reaction of $S O C l_{2}$ with white phosphorus is ?

Complete the following reaction, $P_{4} + N a O H + H_{2} O \to ?$

Which of the following are correct statements about white phosphorus $(P_{4})$ ?

White phosphorus $P_{4}$ has the following characteristics.

Atomicity of Phosphorus is $4$ .

Atomicity is the number of atoms present in $1$ molecule.

Revise with Concepts

Phosphorus and its Allotropes

Learn with Videos

Quick Summary With Stories

Phosphorous and its Allotropes

Why nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule (N2​) and Phosphorus as P4​?

What happens when white phosphorus is heated with concentrated NaOH solution in an inert atmosphere of CO2​?

Sulphuryl chloride (SO2​Cl2​) reacts with white phosphorus (P4​) to give:

White phosphorus reacts with caustic soda. The products are PH3​ and NaH2​PO2​. This reaction is an example of________.

The reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous NaOH gives phosphine along with another phosphorus containing compound. The reaction type, the oxidation states of phosphorus in phosphine and the other product are respectively:

The product formed in the reaction of SOCl2​ with white phosphorus is ?

Complete the following reaction, P4​+NaOH+H2​O→ ?

Which of the following are correct statements about white phosphorus (P4​) ?

White phosphorus P4​ has the following characteristics.

Atomicity of Phosphorus is 4.

Atomicity is the number of atoms present in 1 molecule.

Why nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule $(N_{2})$ and Phosphorus as $P_{4}$ ?

What happens when white phosphorus is heated with concentrated $N a O H$ solution in an inert atmosphere of $C O_{2}$ ?

Sulphuryl chloride $(S O_{2} C l_{2})$ reacts with white phosphorus $(P_{4})$ to give:

White phosphorus reacts with caustic soda. The products are $P H_{3}$ and $N a H_{2} P O_{2}$ . This reaction is an example of________.

The reaction of white phosphorus with aqueous $N a O H$ gives phosphine along with another phosphorus containing compound. The reaction type, the oxidation states of phosphorus in phosphine and the other product are respectively:

The product formed in the reaction of $S O C l_{2}$ with white phosphorus is ?

Complete the following reaction, $P_{4} + N a O H + H_{2} O \to ?$

Which of the following are correct statements about white phosphorus $(P_{4})$ ?

White phosphorus $P_{4}$ has the following characteristics.

Atomicity of Phosphorus is $4$ .

Atomicity is the number of atoms present in $1$ molecule.