Q: What are the factors which affect the climate of India?

The elements affecting the climate are latitude, altitude and pressure and winds, distance from the sea (continentality), ocean currents and relief features.Latitude and altitude: The most important climatic control is latitude. Latitude affects the temperature of a place. The places situated at higher altitudes which are far from equator receive less sunlight and places which are located towards the equator which is a 00 latitude receives more sunlight and are hotter than the places located at higher latitudes. Sunlight also affects precipitation or rainfall. Thus latitudinal position of a region decides the climate of the place.Continentality is defined as measure of difference between continental and marine climates. As the distance from sea increases this moderating effect decreases and people face extreme weather conditionsWinds and air masses originate over oceans move onshore to the mainland and affect climate.

Q: Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.

Though there is an overall unity in general pattern of monsoon, there are still some regional variations in climatic conditions. The two important elements that cause these variations are temperature and rainfall.For example in summer the temperature is about 50 degrees in Rajasthan and on the same day it is about 20 degrees in Pahalgam of Jammu and Kashmir.In the same way on a winter night temperature at Drass it may be as low as minus 45 degrees and in Thiruvananthapuram it is 20 degrees.

Q: Give reasons as to why the Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.

Tamil Nadu is located on the eastern coast of India. South India usually receives rainfall from south west monsoons. But these south west monsoon arising from Arabian Sea gets obstructed by Western Ghats. Hence, Tamil Nadu receives most of its rain from north east and retreating monsoons during winter season. Moreover, many low pressure systems develop in the Bay of Bengal during this period and move towards the east coast of Tamil Nadu causing heavy rainfall.

Q: Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?

The word monsoon is derived from the Arabic word ‘Mausim’ which means season. It describes seasonal wind movement which is accompanied by rain or precipitation. The seasonal reversal in the wind direction during a year is called monsoon. Indian climate is a monsoon type of climate which is characterized by weather conditions that change from season to season. These monsoon winds are confined to tropical areas between 20 degree N and S latitudes. Due to Himalayas, entire India is brought under the sway of moist laden winds for a few months. Without monsoons India would have been a desert. In India monsoon usually lasts from July to September. 90% of rainfall in India is due to monsoon.

Q: List out the five main factors which affect the climate of a region.

The elements affecting the climate are latitude, altitude and pressure and winds, distance from the sea (continentality), ocean currents and relief features.Latitude and altitude: The most important climatic control is latitude. Latitude affects the temperature of a place. The places situated at higher altitudes which are far from equator receive lesser sunlight and places which are located towards the equator receives more sunlight and are hotter than the places located at higher latitudes. Sunlight also affects precipitation or rainfall. Thus, latitudinal position of a region decides the climate of the place.Continentality is defined as measure of difference between continental and marine climates. As the distance from sea increases this moderating effect decreases and people face extreme weather conditionsWinds and air masses originate over oceans move onshore to the mainland and affect climate.Ocean currents affect climate of coastal areas.

Question 1

What are the factors which affect the climate of India?

Accepted Answer

&#10;&#10;The elements affecting the&#10;climate are latitude, altitude and pressure and winds, distance from the sea&#10;(continentality), ocean currents and relief features.Latitude and altitude: The&#10;most important climatic control is latitude. Latitude affects the temperature&#10;of a place. The places situated at higher altitudes which are far from equator&#10;receive less sunlight and places which are located towards the equator which&#10;is a 00 latitude receives more sunlight and are hotter than the places located&#10;at higher latitudes. Sunlight also affects precipitation or rainfall. Thus&#10;latitudinal position of a region decides the climate of the place.Continentality is defined as&#10;measure of difference between continental and marine climates. As the distance&#10;from sea increases this moderating effect decreases and people face extreme&#10;weather conditionsWinds and air masses originate over oceans move onshore to the mainland and affect climate.&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;

Question 2

What are the major controls of the climate of a place? Explain them.

Accepted Answer

There are six major controls; of the climate of a place:(i) Latitude: Due to the curvature of the earth, the amount of solar energy received varies according, to latitude. As a result, air temperature' generally decreases from, the, equator towards the poles.(ii) Altitude: As, one goes from, the surface of the earth to higher altitudes, the atmosphere becomes less, dense and temperature decreases. The hills are therefore cooler during summers.(iii) Pressure and wind system: The pressure and wind system of any area depend on the latitude and altitude of the place. Thus it influences the temperature arid rainfall' pattern.(iv) Distance from the sea: The sea exerts moderating influence on climate. As the distance from the sea increases, its moderating influence decreases and the people experience extreme weather conditions. This condition is known, continentality which means very hot during, summer and very cold during winters.(v) Ocean Currents: Oceans along with onshore winds affect the climate of the coastal areas:. For-instance, any coastal area with warmish-cold'currents flowing past it, will' be warmed or cooled if the winds are onshore:(vi) Relief features: High. mountains act as a barrier for cold: or hot winds.. They. may, also cause precipitation, if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain, bearing winds. The leeward side of' the mountains remains, relatively dry.

Question 3

Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.

Accepted Answer

Though there is an overall&#10;unity in general pattern of monsoon, there are still some regional variations&#10;in climatic conditions. The two important elements that cause these variations&#10;are temperature and rainfall.For example in summer the&#10;temperature is about 50 degrees in Rajasthan and on the same day it&#10;is about 20 degrees in Pahalgam of Jammu and Kashmir.In the same way on a winter night&#10;temperature at Drass it may be as low as minus 45 degrees and in Thiruvananthapuram&#10;it is 20 degrees.&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;

Question 4

Give reasons as to why the Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.

Accepted Answer

Tamil Nadu is located on the&#10;eastern coast of India. South India usually receives rainfall from south west&#10;monsoons. But these south west monsoon arising from Arabian Sea gets obstructed&#10;by Western Ghats.&#10;&#10;Hence, Tamil Nadu receives&#10;most of its rain from north east and retreating monsoons during winter season.&#10;Moreover, many low pressure systems develop in the Bay of Bengal during this&#10;period and move towards the east coast of Tamil Nadu causing heavy rainfall.

Question 5

Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?

Accepted Answer

Part of India that experiences the highest diurnal range of temperature is Thar Desert. This is present&#10;towards western side of India in the state of Rajasthan. This is because it is filled&#10;with sand which gets heated up quickly during day and cooled up very quickly&#10;during nights. There is no sea closer to this&#10;area and hence there is no moderating effect.

Question 6

What are the features of advancing monsoon?

Accepted Answer

The features of advancing monsoon are given below:(i) It begins by early June.(ii) The low-pressure condition over the northern plains attracts the: trade winds of the southern hemisphere. As these winds blow over warm oceans, they bring abundant moisture to the subcontinent.(iii) As a result, the windward side of the Western Ghats receives very heavy rainfall, and the Deccan Plateau and parts of Madhya Pradesh also receive some amount of rain in spite of lying in the rain shadow area.(iv) The maximum rainfall of this season in the world is received by Mawsynram in the southern ranges of the Khasi Hills.(v) Another phenomenon associated, with, the monsoon, is its, tendency to, have `breaks' in, rainfall. The 'break' in monsoon means the monsoon rains take place only for a few days at a time.(vi) The monsoon is known for its uncertainties. While it causes heavy floods, in one part, it may be responsible for droughts in the other.

Question 7

Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?

Accepted Answer

The word monsoon is derived&#10;from the Arabic word &#8216;Mausim&#8217; which means season. It describes seasonal wind&#10;movement which is accompanied by rain or precipitation. The seasonal reversal&#10;in the wind direction during a year is called monsoon. Indian climate is a monsoon&#10;type of climate which is characterized by weather conditions that&#10;change from season to season.&#10;&#10;These monsoon winds are&#10;confined to tropical areas between 20 degree N and S latitudes. Due to Himalayas,&#10;entire India is brought under the sway of moist laden winds for a few months. Without&#10;monsoons India would have been a desert. In India monsoon usually lasts from&#10;July to September. 90% of rainfall in India is due to monsoon.

Question 8

Monsoon arrives in India approximately in _______.

Accepted Answer

The duration of the advancing monsoon In India is June- Mid September. This means that monsoon arrives in India by early June.

Question 9

Explain different types of seasons found in India.

Accepted Answer

Four major seasons are found in India: (i) Cold Weather Season (Winter). This season occurs in the month of December and lasts upto the month of February. During this season temperature remains cold in the northern India because the sunrays do not fall cfrectly in the region (ii) Hot weather season (Summer). This season starts in the month of March and ends in the month of  May. During this season temperature becomes very hot because the sunrays fall directly in the region. Hot and dry winds called loo blow during the day time. (iii) South West monsoon season (Rainy season). This season is marked by the advent and advance of monsoon. The winds blow from Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal towards the land. They carry moisture with them. When these winds strike the mountain barriers it begins raining. (iv) Season of retreating monsoon (Autumn). This is the season of retreating monsoons. During this season winds move back from the mainland to the Bay of Bengal. The southern parts of India receive rainfall in this season.

Question 10

List out the five main factors which affect the climate of a region.

Accepted Answer

&#10;&#10;The elements affecting&#10;the climate are latitude, altitude and pressure and winds, distance from the&#10;sea (continentality), ocean currents and relief features.Latitude and altitude: The&#10;most important climatic control is latitude. Latitude affects the temperature&#10;of a place. The places situated at higher altitudes which are far from equator&#10;receive lesser sunlight and places which are located towards the equator receives more sunlight and are hotter than the places located&#10;at higher latitudes. Sunlight also affects precipitation or rainfall. Thus, latitudinal position of a region decides the climate of the place.Continentality is&#10;defined as measure of difference between continental and marine climates. As the distance from sea&#10;increases this moderating effect decreases and people face extreme weather&#10;conditionsWinds and air masses originate over oceans move onshore to the mainland and affect climate.Ocean currents affect&#10;climate of coastal areas.&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;

Revise with Concepts

Understanding the Climate of India and Related Factors

Quick Summary With Stories

Weather and climate

The Indian Monsoon

The Onset and Withdrawal of Monsoon

Climatic controls

Factors affecting India’s climate

What are the factors which affect the climate of India?

What are the major controls of the climate of a place? Explain them.

Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.

Give reasons as to why the Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.

Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?

What are the features of advancing monsoon?

Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?

Monsoon arrives in India approximately in _______.

Long Answer Type questions
Explain different types of seasons found in India.

List out the five main factors which affect the climate of a region.

Revise with Concepts

Understanding the Climate of India and Related Factors

Quick Summary With Stories

Weather and climate

The Indian Monsoon

The Onset and Withdrawal of Monsoon

Climatic controls

Factors affecting India’s climate

What are the factors which affect the climate of India?

What are the major controls of the climate of a place? Explain them.

Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.

Give reasons as to why the Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.

Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?

What are the features of advancing monsoon?

Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?

Monsoon arrives in India approximately in _______.

Long Answer Type questionsExplain different types of seasons found in India.

List out the five main factors which affect the climate of a region.

Long Answer Type questions
Explain different types of seasons found in India.