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Classification of Nuclides

definition

Definition of Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same atomic number (Z) but different mass numbers (A).

definition

Isobars

Atoms of different elements with different atomic numbers but the same mass numbers are called isobars.Isobars have different chemical properties because they have different atomic numbers.

definition

Isotones

Two nuclides are isotones if they have the very same neutron number N, but different proton number Z. For example, boron-12 and carbon-13 nuclei both contain 7 neutrons, and so are isotones . Similarly,

^{36} S,^{37} C l,^{38} A r,^{39} K, a n d^{40} C a

nuclei are all isotones of 20 because they all contain 20 neutrons.

definition

Isotopes

The atoms belonging to the same element, having same atomic number Z, but different mass number A, are called isotopes. For example, carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14 are three isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12, 13 and 14 respectively.

definition

Isobars

The atoms of different elements which have the same mass number A, but different atomic number Z, are called isobars. An example of a series of isobars would be

^{40} S,^{40} C l,^{40} A r,^{40} K

, and

^{40} C a

. The nuclei of these nuclides all contain 40 nucleons; however, they contain varying numbers of protons and neutrons.

definition

Isotones

The atoms having different number of protons but same number of neutrons i.e., different Z and A, but same A - Z are called isotones. They have different number of electrons. For example, boron-12 and carbon-13 nuclei both contain 7 neutrons, and so are isotones .