The Preamble of the Constitution reads like a poem on democracy. It contains the philosophy on which the entire Constitution has been built. It provides a standard to examine and evaluate any law and action of government, to find out whether it is good or bad. It is the soul of the Indian Constitution.
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Formation of the Constituent Assembly
Elections to the Constituent Assembly were held in July 1946. Its first meeting was held in December 1946. Soon after, the country was divided into India and Pakistan. The Constituent Assembly was also divided into the Constituent Assembly of India and that of Pakistan. The Constituent Assembly that wrote the Indian constitution had 299 members. The Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949 but it came into effect on 26 January 1950. To mark this day we celebrate January 26 as Republic Day every year.
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Significance of January 26
The date January 26, 1950 for commencement of the Constitution was specially selected because of its historical importance. It was on this date, January 26, in 1929 that the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress had for the first time given the call of 'Purna Swaraj' or Complete Independence.