THe formula of phosphin ic acid is H3PO2. Oxidation number of P is +1. It is a mono-basic acid. 2P4+3Ba(OH)2+6H2O→2PH3+3Ba(H2PO2)2 Ba(H2PO2)2+H2SO4→BaSO4+2H3PO2
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Phosphonic acid
H3PO3: The oxidation number of P is +3. It is dibasic. P4O6+6H2O→4H3PO3 PCl3+3H2O→H3PO3+3HCl
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Hypophosphoric acid
H4P4O6: The oxidation number of P is +4. It is tetrabasic. 2P(red)+4NaOCl+2H2O→H4P4O6+4NaCl
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Orthophosphoric acid
H3PO4: The oxidation state of P is +5. It is tribasic in nature. P4O10+6H2O→4H3PO4
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Metaphosphoric acid
HPO3: the oxidation state of P is +5. It exists in polymeric form (HPO3)3. It is tribasic in nature. 3H3PO3+3Br2Δ,sealedtube(HPO3)3+6HBr
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Pyrophosphoric acid
H4P2O7: It is tetrabasic in nature. The oxidation state of P is +5. 2H3PO4523KH4P2O7+H2O
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Structure of oxoacids of phosphorus
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Characteristics of oxoacids of phosphorus
In all the acids, phosphorus is tetrahedrally surrounded by four other atoms or groups
All these acids contain one P=O bond and at least one P-OH bond
Metaphosphoric acid does not exist as a monomer but exists either as a cyclic trimer in form of cyclometaphosphoric acid or as a linear polymer in form of polymetaphosphoric acid.
Acids which have P-H bonds have strong reducing properties