Q: Single-celled eukaryotes are included in

Solution:• Correct answer is option B• Explanation for the correct optionWhile all multi-cellular organisms are eukaryotes, there are a number of unicellular organisms that are eukaryotes. The single-celled eukaryotes are grouped under Protista. Examples of single-celled eukaryotes include unicellular diatoms.Kingdom monera consists of unicellular prokaryotic organisms mainly bacterias.Kingdom fungi consist of heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms. Some of them use decaying organic material as food and are called saprotrophs.Kingdom plantae are multicellular eukaryotes with cell walls (mainly cellulose). They are autotrophs and use chlorophyll for photosynthesis

Question 1

What are the two kingdoms of two-kingdom system of classification?

Accepted Answer

The two-kingdom classification system was given by Carolus Linnaeus in 1758. Linnaeus placed all the living organisms into two kingdoms. The two major kingdoms are Kingdom Plantae for plants and Kingdom Animalia for animals. This two-kingdom classification laid the base for modern classification and was quite a reasonable at that period of time, plants and animals in this system could be very clearly distinguished.

Question 2

The 'three kingdom system' of general classification was proposed by

Accepted Answer

In the year 1866, Ernst Haeckel proposed the three kingdom classification. The three kingdoms are Protista, Plantae and Animalia. This system was developed by Haeckel to overcome the drawback of the two kingdom classification proposed by Linnaeus.Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Question 3

Which of the following is not included as a kingdom in six kingdom classification?

Accepted Answer

In the six-kingdom classification system following kingdoms are included:- Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia. Monera is not included, instead two groups under Monera, that is, Archaebacteria and Eubacteria are placed in separate groups.So, the correct option is 'Monera'.

Question 4

Five kingdom classification includes following kingdom:

Accepted Answer

R.H. Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom classification in the year 1969. It is the modern or latest classification system of organisms. It classifies the organisms in the groups called kingdoms: - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. The classification is performed on the basis of the structure of the cell, complexity of organisms, mode of nutrition and phylogenetic relationship.Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Question 5

Which of the following is a drawback of four-kingdom classification given by Copeland?

Accepted Answer

Copeland proposed the four kingdom classification. He grouped all living organisms into four kingdoms, namely Kingdom Monera, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Metaphyta (Plantae) and Kingdom Metazoa (Animalia).He included fungi in plantae despite being heterotrophic and having chitinous cell wall.So, the correct option is 'Fungi was included in plantae'.

Question 6

In the five-kingdom system of classification, which single kingdom out of the following includes blue-green algae, bacteria, and methanogenic Archaebacteria?

Accepted Answer

R. H. Whittaker proposed the five kingdom classification including monera, protists, fungi, plants and animals. The kingdom Monera is considered as the most primitive group. The kingdom Monera includes organisms such as the archaebacteria, nitrogen fixing bacteria, methanogenic bacteria, cyanobacteria (BGA) . These organisms are unicellular which do not have well-developed cell organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, etcThus, the correct answer is option A.

Question 7

Vibrio are ________________ shaped bacteria.

Accepted Answer

Vibrio are comma or curved rod shaped bacteria. They are also known as spiral shaped cells. There are different shapes of the bacterial cells. This group comprises of the Gram negative bacteria.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Nostoc species are multicellular, filamentous cyanobacteria. These organisms have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen with the help of the enzyme nitrogenase present in the heterocysts. The heterocysts are the specialised cells in which the nitrogenase enzyme is present. Fronds are found in pteridophytes. The male gametes in the angiosperms do not have cilia. The basidiomycetes is the group of fungus which produces basidiospores. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Question 9

Some hyperthermophilic organisms, that grow in highly acidic (pH = 2) habitats, belong to the two groups which are

Accepted Answer

Many thermophiles are archaea, while thermophilic eubacteria are suggested to have been among the earliest bacteria. Many of these require elemental sulfur for growth. Some are anaerobes, that use the sulfur as an electron acceptor during cellular respiration. Some are lithotrophs, that oxidize sulfur to sulfuric acid, thus requiring the microorganism to be adapted to very low pH as well. These organisms are inhabitants of hot, sulfur-rich environments such as hot springs and geysers etc.

Question 10

Single-celled eukaryotes are included in

Accepted Answer

Solution:&#8226; Correct&#10;answer is option B&#8226; Explanation for&#10;the correct optionWhile all multi-cellular organisms are eukaryotes, there are a number of unicellular organisms that are eukaryotes. The single-celled eukaryotes are grouped under Protista. Examples of single-celled eukaryotes include unicellular diatoms.Kingdom monera consists of unicellular prokaryotic organisms mainly bacterias.Kingdom fungi consist of heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms. Some of them use decaying organic material as food and are called saprotrophs.Kingdom plantae are multicellular eukaryotes with cell walls (mainly cellulose). They are autotrophs and use chlorophyll for photosynthesis

Question 11

Choose the photosynthethic protozoa from the following.

Accepted Answer

Euglena is a genus of single-cell flagellate eukaryotic protozoan. It shows mixotrophic nutrition. it shows both autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.Though euglena is photosynthetic in the presence of sunlight, when deprived of sunlight they behave like heterotrophs by predating on other smaller organisms.Hence the photosynthetic protozoa are Euglena.So, the correct answer is 'Euglena'.

Question 12

In which of the following animal nuclear dimorphism is found?

Accepted Answer

Paramecium caudatum shows nuclear dimorphism. There are two types of nuclei - a  large, bean-shaped, polyploid, vegetative nucleus called macronucleus and a small, rounded, diploid, reproductive nucleus known as micronucleus.

Question 13

Thread-like filaments of fungi are known as:

Accepted Answer

Filaments that make up the body of a typical fungus are the hyphae.

Question 14

Vegetative reproduction in yeast takes place by

Accepted Answer

Vegetative reproduction takes place by budding and fission. Saccharomyces cerevisiae reproduces by budding process in favourable condition. In this process parent cell develop short outgrowth known as bud and nucleus divides in two nuclei. One of them moves towards the bud.So, the correct answer is 'Budding'

Question 15

Sexual dimorphism is absent in:

Accepted Answer

Sexual dimorphism is the condition where the two sexes of the same species exhibit different characteristics beyond the differences in their sexual organs. It is present in Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Phycomycetes.So, the answer is 'B'.

Question 16

Which of the following divisions of fungi includes 'Club fungi'?

Accepted Answer

Mushrooms, puffballs and certain shelf fungi belong to the division of fungi called Basidiomycota. The group comprises 15,000 known species of fungi and the distinguishing feature present is their club-shaped reproductive organ called the basidium. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Question 17

Differentiate briefly the characteristics of kingdom Plantae and Animalia.

Accepted Answer

Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia1. Have multicellular eukaryote plants.Have multicellular eukaryote animals.2. Presence of cell wall (made up of cellulose.)Absence of cell wall.3. Capable of producing their own food (autotrophic mode of nutrition.)Depend on others for their food requirements (heterotrophic mode of nutrition.)4. Photosynthesis occurrence due to the presence of chloroplast.Since they are non-green in nature and do not produce chlorophyll, they do not undergo photosynthesis.5. Are immobile.Are mobile.6. Can grow throughout their life.Achieve a maximum size and then stop growing.7. Consume carbon dioxide and release oxygen.Consume oxygen and release carbon dioxide.8. Have two sets of chromosomes (diploid.)Have only one set of the chromosome (haploid.)9. Have reserved food in the form of starch.Have reserved food in the form of glucose.

Question 18

Formation of a sporophyte from a gametophyte and vice versa is termed as:

Accepted Answer

Alternation of generation is a term used to describe the life cycle of plants. A multicellular gametophyte, which is haploid with n chromosomes, alternates with a multicellular sporophyte, which is diploid with 2n chromosomes, made of n pairs.

Question 19

Except for cell membranes, cells of organisms of which of the following kingdom do not possess cell wall:

Accepted Answer

Cells of animals do not possess a cell wall. Plant cells, fungal cells, and monerans have a cell wall.So, the correct option is 'animalia'.

Question 20

Virus envelope is known as

Accepted Answer

Solution:&#10;&#10;Correct answer is option B.&#10;&#10;Explanation for correct&#10;option:&#10;&#10;Capsid is the protein shell of a virus. It is also known as the envelope of a virus. It is made up of protomers. It encloses the genetic material of a virus and protects it from the environment. It also contains special sites on its surface which allow its attachment to a host cell. &#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;

Question 21

Viroids have

Accepted Answer

Solution:&#10;&#10;Correct answer is option A.Explanation for correct&#10;option:&#10;&#10;Viroids consist of short strands of circular, single-stranded RNA without a protein coat. The genome is extremely small in size, ranging from 246 to 467 nucleobases. These are mostly pathogenic to the plant&#10;&#10;&#10;&#10;

Question 22

Which of the following pairs include photosynthetic and saprophytic organisms respectively?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthetic organisms, also known as photoautotrophs, are organisms that are capable of photosynthesis. Some of these organisms include higher plants, some protists (algae and euglena), and cyanobacteria.A saprophytic organism is also referred to as a saprotroph, is any organism that feeds and grows on dead organisms. Such as fungi.So the correct answer is option B.

Biological Classification