Question 1

The vessel leading blood (containing nitrogenous waste) into the Bowman's capsule is known as

Accepted Answer

Blood enters the kidney via the renal artery, which forms many afferent arterioles, each of which delivers blood to an individual kidney nephron. The diameter of the afferent arteriole is greater than the diameter of the efferent arteriole. The pressure of the blood inside the glomerulus is increased due to the difference in diameter of the arterioles. This increased blood pressure helps to force the components of the blood out of the glomerular capillaries.So, the correct answer is option A.

Question 2

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

The diameter of the afferent (incoming) arteriole is greater than the diameter of the efferent arteriole (by which blood leaves the glomerulus). The pressure of the blood inside the glomerulus is increased due to the difference in diameter of the incoming and out-going arterioles. This increased blood pressure helps to force the components of the blood out of the glomerular capillaries. So, the correct answer is option C.

Question 3

The urine a man is very dilute and the quantity of urine is too much and dehydration has started in his body and he is very thirsty by the cause of

Accepted Answer

Due to deficiency of ADH water absorption by kidney tubules is decreased leading to excessive urine formation i.e. diuresis, so the person feels thirsty due to dehydration.

Question 4

In nephrons there is complete absorption of

Accepted Answer

Glucose is transported with Na ^+  by transporter, called sodium glucose transporters (SGLTs). It is then removed from the basolateral surface of the cell by facilitated diffusion. Normally all glucose in the tubular fluid is reabsorbed and there is none in the urine.So, the correct answer is option C.

Question 5

The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70-80%) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

Proximal convoluted tubule is the first coiled segment of the renal tubule, which receives the plasma filtrate from the renal corpuscle and glomerulus. Most of the volume of the fitrate solution is reabsobed in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).

Question 6

In mammalian kidney, Henle's loop is present in

Accepted Answer

The loop of Henle is a U-shaped or hairpin tube that lies deep in the medulla within a renal pyramid and then loops back towards the cortex. Its primary role is to concentrate the salt in the interstitium. So, the correct answer is option C.

Excretory Products And Their Elimination