Roman Numerals

Suppose your class teacher took your class to a museum trip.

There you saw some ancient time pictures which consists of some symbols as shown

Then, you asked your teacher about these symbols.

And, she replied that in ancient time people of Rome didn’t know about the number system.

So, they used some symbols to represent numbers for counting

And made a numeric system which utilized a combination of symbols representing numeric values.

So, these symbolic representation of numbers are Roman numerals.

Let’s discuss some more about Roman numerals.

Now, we have some Roman numerals as,

So, to write these numbers we have some rules for Roman numeral system.

First one is when a symbol is repeated its value is added as many times as it occurs.

And, we can put the same symbol together up to three times only, but symbols $V$, $L$, $D$ never repeats.

Now, if the symbols are same or smaller when we go to right then, we add from left to right.

And, if we consider smaller symbol followed by a larger symbol, we subtract the smaller from larger.

The symbols $V$, $L$, $D$ are never subtracted from any symbol.

But, symbol $I$ can be subtracted from $V$ and $X$ only.

The symbol $X$ can be subtracted from $L$, $M$, and $C$ only.

By following these rules we can write some numbers as

The chart for bigger numbers and their roman values are

Suppose, we have a question to write the number $57$ in roman number.

Here, we can write the number $57$ as

The roman value of $50$ is $L$ and the roman value of $7$ is $VII$.

Let’s take another problem.

Suppose, we have a problem to write $435$ in roman value.

Here, we can write the number $435$ as

And we can write $400$ as the difference of $500$ and $100$.

The value $35$ is added so it should be written in the right of $CD$ as

Revision

First rule to write Roman numeral is when a symbol is repeated its value is added as many times a it occurs.

We can put the same symbol together up to three times only but $V$, $L$, $D$ never repeats.

Now, if the symbols are same or smaller when we go to right then, we add from left to right.

If larger symbol follows a smaller symbol, we subtract the smaller from larger.

The symbols $V$, $L$, $D$ never subtracted by any symbol.

But, symbol $I$ can be subtracted from $V$ and $X$ only.

By following these rules we can write some numbers as

The End