Question 1

What is composite fish culture? What are the advantages of composite fish culture?

Accepted Answer

Composite fish culture is the process of rearing different species of fish in the same area or fish pond.  All the species use the food available in the pond without competing with each other thus enhancing the survival of different species within the same area.An advantage of composite fish culture is that it increases the yield of fish. Nearly, five or six different species are grown together in a single fish pond. The survival rate of fish increases and their yield also increases without affecting the other species.

Question 2

Select the incorrect statement.

Accepted Answer

Inbreeding exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection. It also helps in the accumulation of superior genes. However, close and continues inbreeding usually reduces fertility and even productivity.So, the correct answer is 'Inbreeding selects harmful recessive genes that reduce fertility and productivity'.

Question 3

Hisardale is a new breed of sheep developed in Punjab by crossing

Accepted Answer

Hissardale was evolved at the government lifestock farm Hissar, by cross breeding Australian merino Ram (male sheep) and Bikaneri (Magra) eves (female sheep). So, the correct answer is 'Merino ram and Bikaneri ewe'

Question 4

Homozygous purelines in cattle can be obtained by

Accepted Answer

Pureline selection is the ability to select the superior individual to develop improve a particular trait. The homozygous genes are selected to improve a particular trait by mating of related individuals of same breed.So, the correct answer is option B.

Question 5

Three critical research areas of biotechnology are.

(1) Providing the best catalyst in the form of the improved organisms usually a microbe or pure enzyme.
(2) Multiple Ovulation Transfer Technology (MOET).
(3) Create optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act.
(4) Downstream processing technologies.

Accepted Answer

Three of the most critical research areas of biotechnology are providing the best catalyst in the form of an improved organism, usually in the form of a microbe or pure enzyme, creating optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to function, and downstream processing technologies to purify the protein/organic compound. Multiple Ovulation transfer technology (MOET) is a technique to increase the reproductive rate of organisms and is not a critical area of biotechnology. So the correct option is '(1),(3) and (4)'.

Question 6

How many statements are correct about M.O.E.T.?
(A) M.O.E.T. is a programme for herd improvement.
(B) This technology has been demonstrated for cattle, sheep, rabbits, buffaloes, mares etc.
(C) In this method, a cow is not administered with F.S.H. like a hormone.
(D) The fertilized eggs at 8-32 cells stages are recovered non surgically and transferred to surrogate mothers.

Accepted Answer

Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology (MOET) is a program for herd improvement. This technology has been demonstrated for cattle, sheep, rabbits, buffaloes, mares, etc.In this method, a cow is administered hormones, with FSH-like activity, to induce follicular maturation and superovulation &#8211; instead of one egg, which they normally yield per cycle. They produce 6-8 eggs. The animal is either mated with an elite bull or artificially inseminated. The fertilized eggs at 8&#8211;32 cells stages, are recovered non-surgically and transferred to surrogate mothers.Hence statements (A),(B) and (D) are correct about M.O.E.T i.e three statements are correct about M.O.E.T.So, the correct answer is 'Three'.

Question 7

(a) State the objective of animal breeding.(b) List the importance and limitations of inbreeding. How can the limitations be overcome?(c) Given an example of a new breed each of cattle and poultry.

Accepted Answer

a) The objective of animal breeding are as follows:To increase animal yieldTo improve the desirable quality of animal produceTo produce disease-resistant varieties of animalsb) Importance of animal breeding are as follows:Help in accumulation of superior genes Elimination of less desirable genes Limitation of animal breeding are as follows:Reduces fertility and productivityLimitations can be overcome by out breeding / cross breeding / out cross / interspecific hybridization / selected animals is to be bred with unrelated superior animals of the same breed.c) An example of a new breed of cattle is Hisardale and that of poultry is Hampshire.

Question 8

Read the following statements:(1) Genetic variability is the root of all breeding programs.(2) Induced mutations are useful when desired alleles are absent in germplasm.(3) Conventional breeding is not constrained by the availability of a limited number of genes.(4) Other breeding methods that are used are selection amongst somaclonal variants and genetic engineering. How many of the above statements are correct?

Accepted Answer

1. Breeding programs are done to produce varieties of desired characters and those are more productive because there is genetic variation in breeding when two organisms are crossed. Hence, genetic variability is the root of all breeding programs.2. Germplasm is basically the genetic material of cells. If desired alleles are absent in the germplasm, mutations can be induced to express the desirable characters in the varieties.3. Conventional breeding is also known as classical or traditional breeding. It is the development of new varieties using traditional methods. The old breeding methods are still used today to improve the varieties because these methods are not constrained by the availability of a limited number of genes.4. Somaclonal variants and genetically engineered organisms are distinguished and selected by various breeding methods. Somaclonal variants are raised by in vitro culture whereas genetically engineered organisms are produced by manipulating the DNA.Hence, all the statements given in the question are correct.So, the correct answer is '4'.

Question 9

A group of animals which are related by descent and share many similarities is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A group of animals that are related by descent and similar in most characters like general appearance, size, features, etc., are said to be a breed. For example; Leghorn is the improved breed of chicken. Race is a geographically isolated breeding population that shares common features in higher frequencies.Variety is a taxonomic rank below that of species or sub-species but used in the case of plants.A species is a group of closely related organisms that are very similar to each other and usually capable of interbreeding. So, the correct option is 'Option A' .

Question 10

Like snake charmers, which other people depend on animals for their livelihood?

Accepted Answer

Besides snake-charmers, many people like a milkman, poultry farmers, tonga-wala, farmer, washerman etc. depend on animals for their livelihood.

Introduction to Animal Husbandry

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REVISE WITH CONCEPTS

Farming and Non-Farming Activities in Village

Economic Importance of Animals

Milk and Meat Providing Livestock

Animal Husbandry (Intermediate)

Animal Husbandry and Dairy Farm Management

QUICK SUMMARY WITH STORIES

Animal Husbandry

Animal Husbandry - Cattle Farming

Animal Husbandry - Fish production

Animal Husbandry - Poultry farming and Beekeeping

Diversification into Productive Activities

Agriculture and Types of Farming

Agriculture and Types of Crops