Question 1

Distinguish between Weather and Climate.

Accepted Answer

Weather: Weather is a day-to-day conditions of atmosphere at any place in regard to temperature, pressure wind, humidity and rainfall.Climate: Climate is the average state of weather for a longer period  of time at any place. Weather records of a minimum period  35  years are found necessary to obtain reliable average.

Question 2

Variations in the length of day time and night time from season to season are due to _______.

Accepted Answer

Variations in the length of day and night time from season to season on the earth's surface is due to the axial tilt of earth's rotation axis with respect to its orbital axis. This causes variations in the intensity of Sun's rays falling at a given place over the span of a year leading to variations in day and night time.

Question 3

Which type of forests occupies the highest percentage of area in India?

Accepted Answer

Tropical Deciduous Forests, also called the Monsoon forests occupies highest percentage of area in India. They grow in the areas with annual rainfall of 70-200 cm. Sandal wood, Shisam, Mahua, Sal, Teak and Bamboo are important species of trees. Moist deciduous and the dry deciduous forests are two major categories of these forests.

Question 4

What is meant by Indian Standard Time? Why do we need a Standard Meridian for India?

Accepted Answer

The time applicable allover India is Indian Standard Time.To avoid time gap of two hours between east and west part ofIndia which may create confusion in working, it is essential to have a Standard Meridian.

Question 5

Arrange the following layers of atmosphere vertically from the surface of the Earth.1. Mesosphere 2. Troposphere 3. Stratosphere 4. Thermosphere.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

The colour of a star is an indication of its ________________.

Accepted Answer

The color of a star mostly indicates a star's temperature, and it can also suggest the star's age. Class O stars, which are blue in color, are the hottest, and class M stars, which are red in color, are the coldest.

Question 7

"The land of India displays great physical variations". Justify this statement with five examples.

Accepted Answer

(1) Southern India(i) Geologically, the peninsular plateau constitutes one of the ancient landmasses on the earth's surface. It was supposed to be one of the most stable land blocks.(ii) The Peninsular Plateau is composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks with gently rising hills and wide valleys.(2) Northern India(i) The Himalayas and the Northern Plains are the most recent landforms.(ii) From the view point of geology, Himalayan Mountains form an unstable zone.(iii) The whole mountain system of Himalaya represents a very youthful topography with high peaks, deep valleys and fast flowing rivers.(iv) The Northern Plains are formed of alluvial deposits.(3) Western India: The Thar Desert covers the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan where they receive less annual rainfall of 50 cms.(4) Eastern India: The plains have several perennial rivers. It receives a good amount of rainfall. Mawsynram in the North-East records the highest rainfall in the world.

Question 8

Distinguish between GMT and IST.

Accepted Answer

GMT: 1 .  0^o  longitude is the Greenwich Mean time. 2 . This passes through the greenwich in England.IST: 1 .  82^{1_{\displaystyle /2^o}} E longitude is the central meridian of India. 2 . This passes through Allahabad in India.

Question 9

Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the ___________.

Accepted Answer

Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth.

Question 10

The latitude is the angular distance of a point on the Earth's surface, north or South of the equator as measured from the ______.

Accepted Answer

The latitude denotes a geographical coordinate of a place located on the surface of the earth and is the angular distance of that point (north or south of the equator) measured with respect to the Centre of the Earth. Its value is zero at equator and 90 degrees at poles.

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