Question 1

The assimilatory power in photosynthesis is

Accepted Answer

The phase of reactions in photosynthesis which involves the direct sunlight is called light reaction. This reaction takes place inside the grana of chloroplast. In this reaction assimilatory power ATP and NADPH$_2$ are generated with evolution of oxygen and photolysis of water. These assimilatory powers help in the fixation of carbon dioxide during dark phase reaction.

Question 2

Out of respiration and photosynthesis which is anabolic and which is catabolic process. Why?

Accepted Answer

A catabolic process is a process by which complex compounds are broken down into simpler components or molecules and releases energy. Whereas, the anabolic process creates complex molecules broken down in catabolism by utilizing energy and these molecules remain in the organism to be used again.Photosynthesis is an anabolic process as it combines carbon dioxide and water in the presence of solar energy to form a complex substance called glucose in the leaves.Respiration is a catabolic process as it breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones with release of energy in the form of ATP molecule.

Question 3

Which of the following is called energy currency of the cell?

Accepted Answer

The energy currency of the cell is ATP (Adenosine triphosphate).During a cellular reaction, all the energy is not released as free energy but some of it is stored in ATP as chemical energy.The phosphate bonds in ATP are high energy bonds and they are broken whenever the cell requires energy. It is used in various energy-requiring processes of the cell.So, the correct option is 'ATP'

Question 4

An ATP molecule is structurally most similar to a molecule of

Accepted Answer

RNA consists of ribose nucleotides (nitrogenous bases appended to a ribose sugar) attached by phosphodiester bonds, forming strands of varying lengths. ATP is a type of ribose nucleotide, having an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. ATP is the energy currency of our cells. So, the correct answer is 'RNA molecule'

Question 5

Which of the following elements is needed as a component in cell membranes, nucleic acids and energy transfer?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus is a constituent of cell membranes, certain proteins, all nucleic acids and nucleotides. This element is involved in energy transfer such as ATP and ADP and activates coenzymes for amino acid production which is necessary for  protein synthesis. Further phosphorous is also a required for other metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, glycolysis, respiration and fatty acid synthesis.Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Question 6

Metabolic reaction take place

Accepted Answer

The sum total of all the chemical reactions occurring in the body is metabolism. Metabolism reactions can be demonstrated outside the body in a cell-free system. Metabolism is involved in catabolism and anabolism. Metabolism takes place in the living system too. So the correct option is &#34;Both A & B&#34;.

Question 7

Which one of the following is known as energy currency of cell?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is known as the energy currency of the cell. There are three phosphate bonds which store a large amount of energy. When these bonds are broken down, the energy is released. The energy is used to carry out biochemical reactions in the cell.Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Question 8

Photosynthesis is an example of

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria, and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water. This glucose can be converted into pyruvate which releases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by cellular respiration. Oxygen is also formed.Anabolic processes are processes that build up compounds. As photosynthesis build up glucose hence it is an anabolic process.An endergonic reaction requires or absorbs energy from its surroundings. Photosynthesis is an endergonic reaction. The energy required for photosynthesis comes from light hence endergonic.Hence Photosynthesis is an example of Anabolism and endergonic reactions.So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.

Question 9

Name the following :(a) Energy currency of the cell(b) Oxidative breakdown of carbohydrates to release energy(c) An organism which respires throughout life anaerobically(d) A common phase to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration(e) Aerobic respiration requires(f) A chemical which removes $CO_{2}$ from the air

Accepted Answer

Name the following (a) Energy currency of the cell is Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP.(b) Oxidative breakdown of carbohydrates to release energy is known as cellular respiration.(c) Organisms which respires throughout life anaerobically are yeast and archaea.(d) Glycolysis is a common phase to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.(e) Aerobic respiration is the release of energy from glucose which requires oxygen.(f) Calcium hydroxide solution is used to remove $CO_2$ from the air.

Question 10

What is metabolism and what is its purpose?

Accepted Answer

Metabolism is a term that is used to describe all chemical reactions involved in maintaining the living state of the cells and the organism. Metabolism can be conveniently divided into two categories:Catabolism - the breakdown of molecules to obtain energyAnabolism - the synthesis of all compounds needed by the cellsMetabolism is closely linked to nutrition and the availability of nutrients. Bioenergetics is a term that describes the biochemical or metabolic pathways by which the cell ultimately obtains energy. Energy formation is one of the vital components of metabolism.

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