The modern classification is an extension of the system of classification proposed by Carolus Linnaeus.
The present system of classification involves a series of graded taxonomic ranks called taxa which include phylum and family in addition to the four taxa introduced by Linnaeus.
The hierarchy of taxonomic ranks is known as the Linnaean hierarchy. In this, any given taxon may contain several lower taxa that can be distinguished on the basis of common characteristics.
The biggest taxonomic rank is Kingdom. It is classified into Phyla, phyla into Classes, classes into Orders, order into Families, families into Genera and genera into Species.
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