The stomach contains special cells called oxyntic or parietal cells which secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach. It plays two important roles like:
1. It initiates protein digestion by activating the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin.
2. It provides an acidic medium for the activity of pepsin and other enzymes present in gastric juice.
However, if the level of this HCI exceeds its normal levels, it results in acidity/acid reflux. Higher levels of HCI can result in the following effects on the body:
1. burning sensation in the stomach
2. burning sensation in the throat and heart
3. difficulty in swallowing
4. regurgitation
5. restlessness
6. belching
7. nausea
8. prolonged sour taste in the mouth
9. indigestion
Exposure to higher levels of HCl for longer durations can also result in the development of peptic ulcers/ulcers in the stomach.