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Question

A $$2.5\ cm$$ candle is placed $$12\ cm$$ away from a convex mirror of Focal length $$30\ cm$$. Give the location of the image and the magnification.

Solution
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$$\large\textbf{Step 1:Calculate position of the Image}$$

Given,

As object is placed in front of mirror (to the left of the mirror), the object distance is negative

Object distance, $$u = -12 cm$$

Convex mirror focal length, $$f = +30 cm$$ (as the mirror is convex)

Height of the candle $$h_o = 2.5 cm$$

We know,

By Mirror formula

$$\frac{1}{f} $$ $$=$$$$\frac{1}{v} $$ + $$\frac{1}{u} $$

Or $$\frac{1}{v} $$ $$=$$ $$\frac{1}{+30} $$ $$-$$ $$\frac{1}{-12} $$

Or $$v = +8.571 cm$$

Image formed behind the mirror at distance $$= +8.571 cm$$


$$\large\textbf{Step 2: Calculate Magnification }$$

We know,

magnification of image, $$m=\frac{-v}{u}$$

Therefore,

$$m=-\frac{+8.571}{-12} = +0.741$$


Height of the Image is given by the $$ h_i = m h_o$$

$$ h_i = {0.741}\times 2.5 = 1.78 cm$$

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