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Standard VIII
Physics
Electrification
Question

A ball of charge q is placed in a hollow conducting uncharged sphere. After this, the sphere is connected with earth for a short time and the ball has not been brought into contact with the sphere. What charge will the sphere have after these operation? Where and how will this charge be distributed?

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Solution
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When a charged body is brought close to an uncharged body but they don't touch each other, then the surface of the uncharged body gets a charge of opposite sign and the bodies start attracting each other.
This is known as charge induction.

When the ball is inside the uncharged sphere, then the inner walls of the sphere will develop a charge of opposite type, whereas the outer walls will develop a charge of the same type. This is due to charge induction.
Since the sphere is a good conductor, the charges will be equally distributed on both the sides.
If the sphere is connected to earth, then the outer walls will lose all charge.
If the ball doesn't touch the sphere, then the inner charges of the sphere will remain as it is.

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