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Standard XII
Biology
Question

A decrease in level of oestrogen and progesterone causes
  1. Loss of endometrium
  2. Growth of dilation of endometrium
  3. Release of ova from ovaries
  4. Constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of uterine epithelium

A
Loss of endometrium
B
Constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of uterine epithelium
C
Growth of dilation of endometrium
D
Release of ova from ovaries
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Solution
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  • Estrogen: a group of sex hormones that promote the development and maintenance of female characteristics in the human body.
  • Progesterone: endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans. It is often called as the "pregnancy hormone".
Oestrogen and progesterone hormones mainly help to maintain pregnancy. A decreased level of both the hormone causes constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of the endometrium or uterine epithelium in the menstrual period.

So, the correct answer is "Constriction of uterine blood vessels leading to sloughing of uterine epithelium".

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A: Stratum basalis lines the uterine cavity and sloughs off during menstruation.
R: Straight arterioles supply blood to the stratum functionalis.

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