Question

An apparatus as shown was set up to investigate a physiological process in plants. The setup was kept in sunlight for two hours. Droplets of water were then seen inside the bell jar. Answer the questions that follow.
$\left(i\right)$ Name the process being studied.
$\left(ii\right)$ Explain the process named above in $\left(i\right)$.
$\left(iii\right)$ Why was the pot covered with a plastic sheet?
$\left(iv\right)$ Suggest a suitable control for this experiment.
$\left(v\right)$ Mention two ways in which this process is beneficial to plants.
$\left(vi\right)$ List three adaptations in plants to reduce the above-mentioned process.

Answer 1

$\left(i\right)$ The process of transpiration is demonstrated in the experiment.

$\left(ii\right)$The process in which plants lose water in the form of vapour from its aerial parts is called transpiration.
$\left(iii\right)$The pot was covered with a plastic sheet to prevent escape of the soil water as vapour.
$\left(iv\right)$ The control for this experiment can be set up as same without a living plant.

$\left(v\right)$ Due to transpiration there is an upward movement of water so roots can absorb more water and thus minerals from soil. The second benefit is that the transpired water forms a cool blanket around the plant thus protecting it from the heat of sun.
$\left(vi\right)$The stomata are sunken into pit. Stomata are covered by hair. The leaf is narrow to reduce the number of stomata.