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Question

An important evidence of organic evolution is
  1. Homologous organs only
  2. Homologous and vestigial organs
  3. Both A and B
  4. Analogous organs only

A
Both A and B
B
Homologous organs only
C
Analogous organs only
D
Homologous and vestigial organs
Solution
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The correct option is D Homologous and vestigial organs
"Homologous organs" have the same fundamental structure but are different in functions These organs follow the same basic plan of organization during their development. But in the adult condition, these organs are modified to perform different functions as an adaptation to different environments. "Vestigial organs" are present in reduced form and do not perform any function in the body but correspond to the fully developed functional organs of related animals.
So, the correct answer is "Homologous and vestigial organs".

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(a) Explain the terms 'analogous organs' and 'homologous organs' with examples.
(b) In what way are analogous organs evidence for evolution?
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Explain with an example for each, how the following provides evidences in favour of evolution in organisms :
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