Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed conc. H2SO4 and HNO3. If a large amount of KHSO4 is added to the mixture, the rate of nitration will be:
unchanged
slower
faster
doubled
A
faster
B
slower
C
unchanged
D
doubled
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Solution
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During nitration of benzene with a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid, when large amount of KHSO4 is added, the rate of nitration will be slower. Sulphuric acid helps in the formation of electrophile +NO2 ion.
HONO2+2H2SO4⇌2[HSO4]−+H3O+++NO2
When large amount of KHSO4 is added, it will provide HSO−4 (common ion) which will decreases the concentration of NO+2.
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