Describe the factors affecting community health.
Human health is influenced by a number of factors which exist within the individual and society. Some of the important factors which determine health are:
1) Heredity: Genes determine the health of an individual from the moment of conception. The genetic makeup cannot be altered. Some diseases like diabetes and mental retardation have a genetic origin. So the health of an individual depends on his genetic constitution.
2) Environment: Diseases are caused by changes in environment like air, water, climate etc. The environment is of two types: internal and external. Internal environment relates to each and every tissue, organ, and system of the body and their harmonious functioning. The external environment is the physical, biological and psychological components to which an individual is exposed. The environment has a direct influence on the physical, mental and social well being of an individual.
3) Nutrition: Starvation has an adverse effect on health. Good nutrition is essential for normal growth and also for resistance against infection.
4)Health services: The aim of health and family welfare services is to treat diseases, prevent illness and promotion of health. Health services like safe water supply and immunization prevent a variety of diseases.