Question

DNA and RNA are the two important nucleic acids present in our body. The study of DNA and RNA is very useful in research bodies.

A. What are the main structural differences between DNA and RNA?

B. What are nucleotides? Name the three components of nucleotides.

C. Mention the applications of studying DNA in different fields.

Answer 1

A. The main structural differences between DNA and RNA are as follows:

• RNA is single-stranded while DNA is double-stranded.
• RNA contains uracil while DNA contains thymine.
• RNA has the sugar ribose while DNA has the sugar deoxyribose.

B. A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids. It includes a heterocyclic compound, monosaccharide, and phosphoric acid or phosphate.

C. DNA analysis can be used in the study of hereditary diseases, in forensic medicine, and for the detection of pathogens.