Question

Elements of group 14 :

• A. exhibit oxidation state of +4 only
• B. form $M^2$ and $M^{4+}$ ions
• C. form $M^{2+}$ and $M^{4+}$ ions
• D. exhibit oxidation state of +2 and +4

Answer 1

Answer: (C), (D)

The correct options are
C form $M^{2+}$ and $M^{4+}$ ions
D exhibit oxidation state of +2 and +4
Elements of group 14, having outer electronic configuration $n{s}^{2}n{p}^2$ show +2 and +4 oxidation states.
On moving down the group, the stability of +2 oxidation state increases and the stability of +4 oxidation state decreases.