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Explain the cleansing process of the soap and detergent.

Solution
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Cleansing effect of Soap and Detergent
The cleansing action of soap and detergent is the same.
There are two parts in the structure of soap and detergent.
One part of a long hydrocarbon chain is known as the non-polar tail.
The other negatively charged part (COONa or SO3Na) is known as the head.
Soap or detergent on mixing with water form a concentrated solution and cause foaming.
The non-polar part is attracted by the oily stain or dirt because it possesses attraction towards dirt.
The polar part remains in water as it possesses attraction towards water.
The spherical structure formed around the stain is called micelle.
The hydrocarbon part remains attached with the surface containing dirt or oil, while the polar part remains in water.
The part on which the detergent is applied is dragged by water so that the water gets dirty and the surface becomes clean.
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