Explain the formation of
(i) water gas
(ii) producer gas. Give their uses.
(i) A mixture of carbon monoxide ($$CO$$) and hydrogen ($$H_2$$) produced by passing steam over red-hot coke .
$$C(s) + H_2O(g) \overset{473-1273K}{\rightarrow} CO(g) + H_2(g)$$ (water gas)
(ii) A combustible mixture of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen, generated by passing air with steam over burning coke or coal in a furnace and used as fuel
$$ 2C(s) + O_2(g) + 4N_2(g) \overset{1273K}{\rightarrow} 2CO(g) + 4N_2(g)$$ (producer gas)
Water gas and producer gas are used as fuel