(a) $$\frac{7}{10} - \Box = \frac{3}{10}$$
$$\Box = \frac{7}{10} - \frac{3}{10} = \frac{7 - 3}{10} = \frac{4}{10} = \frac{2}{5}$$
(b) $$\Box - \frac{3}{21} = \frac{5}{21}$$
$$\Box = \frac{5}{21} + \frac{3}{21} = \frac{5 + 3}{21} = \frac{8}{21}$$
(c) $$\Box - \frac{3}{6} = \frac{3}{6}$$
$$\Box = \frac{3}{6} + \frac{3}{6} = \frac{3 + 3}{6} = \frac{6}{6} = 1$$
(d) $$\Box + \frac{5}{27} = \frac{12}{27}$$
$$\Box = \frac{12}{27} - \frac{5}{27} = \frac{12 - 5}{27} = \frac{7}{27}$$