Sentence A is a question, which is introductory in nature, a topic can begin with a question, followed by statements that expand on a topic. Here, the question is later expanded with the help of the other sentences. Also, when A is placed between or after the rest of the sentences, it does not form a logical sequence. Hence A comes first.
B follows A; the words "Foolish men do not weigh ... ." begin to explain if it is wise to be foolish.
D follows B because "this" refers to the previous line "foolish men do not weigh the pros and cons" of their actions.
Sentence C begins with a 'but then', which refers to contrast, the contrast being "disastrous consequences" (mentioned in D). C is in contrast to D; the former being: "this... can also take them places where the wise would shudder to go"
Hence, C follows D.
So, the sequence of sentences is: ABDC and option D is correct.
Options A, B and C are incorrect because they do not contain the correct sequence of sentences.