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Question

Give reason for the following:
For ferric hydroxide sol the coagulating power of phosphate ion is more than chloride ion.

Solution
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Ferric hydroxide is a positively charged sol, therefore it will coagulate upon addition of an anion. According to Hardy-Schulze rule, greater the valence of the flocculating ion (charge on ion) added, the greater is its power to cause precipitation/coagulation. Therefore, phosphate ion PO43 being trivalent will coagulate the sol more readily than mono valent chloride ion Cl.

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