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Question

Give reasons:
On the basis of Eo values, O2 gas should be liberated at anode but it is Cl2 gas which is liberated in the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl.

Solution
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It is due to the phenomenon of over-voltage. Experimentally, it is observed that the actual voltage required for electrolysis is greater than that calculated from standard potentials. This addition voltage required is called over-voltage. It is required because the rate of transfer of electrons at the interface of electrode and solutions for both half reactions is slow. The over-voltage required for formation of oxygen is much larger than that required for the formation of chlorine. Hence, chlorine gas which is liberated in the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl.

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On the basis of Eo values, O2 gas should be liberated at anode but it is Cl2 gas which is liberated in the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl.
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