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Question

Give scientific terms for each of the following.
(i) The smallest unit of DNA which can mutate.
(ii) Type of water absorption by roots where metabolic energy is required.
(iii) Statistical study of human population.
(iv) Multiple effects of a gene on the phenotype of an organism.

Solution
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(i) Muton is the smallest part or the unit of the DNA in which mutation can take place. This is the smallest part of any sequence of gene in DNA. This region when altered may result in mutation.
(ii) Active absorption is the type of water absorption. This is the phenomenon in which there is flow of ions from lower concentration to higher concentration. There is requirement of metabolic energy in the form of ATP. This energy is required for the movement of the ions against the concentration gradient.
(iii) Demographs are the statistical study of the population. These are the records or data which is collected by studying the population on the basis of the various factors like age, income, etc.
(iv) Pleiotrophy is the effect of the gene on different characters. There are different effects produced by the same gene on the phenotype of the organism.

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Give scientific terms for each of the following.
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