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Question

How do mountain ranges create deserts
  1. by completely blocking the flow of air into desert areas, thus preventing clouds from getting there
  2. by lifting land up into colder, drier air
  3. by forcing air to first rise and then fall, thus causing rain on one side of the mountains and desert on the other
  4. by causing the global wind patterns that make certain latitudes very dry

A
by causing the global wind patterns that make certain latitudes very dry
B
by forcing air to first rise and then fall, thus causing rain on one side of the mountains and desert on the other
C
by lifting land up into colder, drier air
D
by completely blocking the flow of air into desert areas, thus preventing clouds from getting there
Solution
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The deserts formed in mountain ranges are rain shadow deserts. The area of dry land on one side of the mountain range which is protected from prevailing winds (the winds which are occurring in the most of the time at a particular region of the earth) is called rain shadow. The air cools as it rises up over a mountain range and water vapours get condensed and clouds are formed. This side of mountains is called windward side where precipitation occurs in the form of rain or snow. The air moves down as it passes on the other side of the mountains and becomes warms and dries out. The dry air forms a rain shadow which is an area of very dry land because it receives very less precipitation and clouds as compared to the windward side of the mountains. In this way, deserts are formed in mountain ranges.
So, the correct answer is 'by forcing air to first rise and then fall, thus causing rain on one side of the mountains and desert on the other'.

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