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Question

How is carbolic acid prepared from the following compound?
(i) Aniline
(ii) Chlorobenzene and steam at 698K?
Draw structure of DDT. Write its environmental effects.
Mention two physical properties of carbolic acid.

Solution
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Some of the environmental effects of DDT are.
(i) It is not readily metabolised by animals.
(ii) It is deposited and stored in fatty tissues..
The two physical properties of carbolic acid or phenol are:
(i) Pure phenol is a colourless, hygroscopic, crystalline solid with typical phenolic odour. On exposure to air and light, it turns pink due to partial oxidation.
(ii) Phenol has low melting point (316K), but has higher boiling point (455K) due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
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