Option A: 'The flame of liberty' refers to the famous Statue of Liberty; the torch is a symbol of enlightenment. The 'flame' would be burning even through dark and testing times. This phrase is set as it's a metaphor that holds deeper meaning in the sentence.
Hence option A is correct.
Option B: The statue is holding a torch, and not a lamp.
A torch and lamp have the same purposes, but their forms are different. The Statue is not holding a lamp.
Option C: 'Goal of liberty burning' does not form a complete meaning. A 'goal' cannot be burning, hence it's not suitable.
Option D: 'Light', similarly, cannot burn.
These words do not form an expression or a metaphor carrying an underlying meaning.
Hence options B, C and D are wrong.