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Question

In a biology lecture, the teacher was dictating the organelles of a cell as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosome, centriole and centrosome. Which of the following cell was she referring?
  1. Prokaryotic cell
  2. Plant cell
  3. Data insufficient
  4. Animal cell

A
Prokaryotic cell
B
Animal cell
C
Data insufficient
D
Plant cell
Solution
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The following are examples of structures and organelles that can be found in typical animal cells:
1. Cell (plasma) membrane- thin, semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosing its contents.
2. Centrioles- cylindrical structures that organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division.
3. Cytoplasm- gel-like substance within the cell.
4. Endoplasmic Reticulum- an extensive network of membranes composed of both regions with ribosomes (rough ER) and regions without ribosomes (smooth ER).
5. Golgi complex- also called as the Golgi apparatus, this structure is responsible for manufacturing, storing and shipping certain cellular products.
6. Lysosomes- sacs of enzymes that digest cellular macromolecules such as nucleic acids.
7. Microtubules- hollow rods that function primarily to help support and shape the cell.
8. Mitochondria- cell components that generate energy for the cell and are the sites of cellular respiration.
9. Nucleus- membrane bound structure that contains the cell's hereditary information.
10. Nucleolus- structure within the nucleus that helps in the synthesis of ribosomes.
11. Nucleopore- a tiny hole within the nuclear membrane that allows nucleic acids and proteins to move into and out of the nucleus.
12. Ribosomes- consisting of RNA and proteins, ribosomes are responsible for protein assembly.

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