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Question

In a uniform electric field, equipotential surfaces must :
  1. be plane surfaces
  2. be normal to the direction of the field
  3. be spaced such that surfaces having equal differences in potential are separated by equal distances
  4. have decreasing potentials in the direction of the field

A
have decreasing potentials in the direction of the field
B
be normal to the direction of the field
C
be spaced such that surfaces having equal differences in potential are separated by equal distances
D
be plane surfaces
Solution
Verified by Toppr

Uniform field means a constant field at every point and it is directed in a fixed direction for all points. Thus equipotential surfaces must be plane surface. The electric field is always perpendicular to equipotential surface because E=V. As surfaces are equipotential so it must be spaced such that surfaces having equal differences in potential are separated by equal distances. As E=dVdr so it must have decreasing potentials in the direction of the field.

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