In an examination, the ratio of passes to failures was 4 : 1. Had 30 less appeared and 20 less passed, the ratio of passes to failures would have been 5 : 1 Find the number of students who appeared for the examination.
Suppose x candidates passed and y failed;
therefore, x4=41 … (I)
In the second case: no. of students appeared = x + y - 30 and no. of those who passed = x - 20:
∴ No. of failed = x+y−30−(x−20)=y−10
Given: x−20y−10=51 … (II)