List out the five main factors which affect the climate of a region.
- The elements affecting
the climate are latitude, altitude and pressure and winds, distance from the
sea (continentality), ocean currents and relief features.
- Latitude and altitude: The
most important climatic control is latitude. Latitude affects the temperature
of a place. The places situated at higher altitudes which are far from equator
receive lesser sunlight and places which are located towards the equator receives more sunlight and are hotter than the places located
at higher latitudes. Sunlight also affects precipitation or rainfall. Thus, latitudinal position of a region decides the climate of the place.
- Continentality is
defined as measure of difference between continental and marine climates. As the distance from sea
increases this moderating effect decreases and people face extreme weather
conditions
- Winds and air masses originate over oceans move onshore to the mainland and affect climate.
- Ocean currents affect
climate of coastal areas.