Question

Name the main organs of the human digestive system in the order they participate in the process of digestion. Describe how digestion of carbohydrates and proteins take place in our body.

Answer 1

Main organs of the human digestive system participate in the following order in process of digestion:
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
Digestion of carbohydrates takes place in following manner: Major carbohydrates that we take are starch, sucrose, lactose.
Digestion of carbohydrates takes place in mouth and stomach and In following steps:
When food is chewed it is mixed with ptyalin secreted in mouth and break down carbohydrates in small products. Only $$5 \%$$ of digestion takes place here.
Then digestion continues in stomach where gastric and acidic secretions of stomach cause $$30$$ to $$40 \%$$ of digestion.
As partially digested food empties from stomach to duodenum further digestion is caused by pancreatic amylase which converts them into small polymers.
Final digestion Is caused by small intestine where enzymes like sucrase, lactase, maltase and dextrinase cause their final digestion by converting them into constituent monosaccharides.
Digestion of proteins takes place in the following manner:
Digestion of proteins begins in stomach.
Pepsin enzyme is responsible for the protein digestion in stomach. It is activated at acidic $$pH$$ and cause little bit digestion of proteins thereby converting them into small molecules.
Further digestion takes place by pancreatic juices. Pancreatic enzymes like trypsin, chemotrypsin are release by pancreas in small intestine where these enzymes break down protein further into very small molecules.
Further peptidase , of small Intestine break down small molecules of protein into amino acids that are absorbed by the villi present in the walls of the intestine.