'Patriarch' means the male head of a family or tribr.
Option A- Matroness is not a correct word. Hence, it is incorrect.Option B- Matriarch means a female head of a family or tribe, hence it is the feminine form of 'Patriarch'. Thus, it is the correct answer.
Option C- Patroness is the feminine form of patron. Thus, it is incorrect.
Option D- Mother is the feminine form of father. Hence, it is also incorrect.