Question

Removal of the soil by the action of wind and water is known as

• A. Erosion
• B. Leaching
• C. Calcification
• D. Fossilization

Answer 1

Answer: (A)

The top layer of the soil is the vital component, since all the nutrients required by plants are present in this layer. The loss of topsoil or disturbance of soil structure is known as soil erosion or land erosion. Water erosion is the removal of soil from the lands surface by running water, including runoff from melted snow and ice. Soil erosion by wind is common in dry arid regions where soil is chiefly sandy and the vegetation is very poor or even absent. Fossilization is the alteration of an organism's remains, impressions or activities by physical, biological or chemical changes retaining the original material in some form. Leaching is the process of extracting minerals from a solid by dissolving them in a liquid, either in nature or through an industrial process. Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.