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Solid angle:
Solid angle is the three-demensional equivalent of an ordinary two-dimensional plane angle.
Si unit of solid angle is steradian.
Solid angle subtended by area element dS at the centre O of a sphere of radius r is
$$d\Omega = \frac{{dS\;\cos \;\theta }}{{{r^2}}}$$
$$\Omega = \int\limits_s {d\Omega } = \int\limits_s {\frac{{dS\;\cos \;\theta }}{{{r^2}}}} = 4\pi \;steradian.$$

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