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Question

Sound pulses emitted by dolphin travel through 20C ocean water at a rate of 1450m/s. In 20C air, these pulses would travel at 342.9 m/s. How can you account for this difference in speed?

Solution
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The speed of sound in any medium is given by Sir Newton as:
v=E/ρ
where E =E= coefficient of elasticity of medium
ρ =ρ= density of medium
as solids are most elastic and gases are least elastic i.e. Es>El>Eg
Es>El>Eg
therefore speed of sound in solids is maximum and in gases is minimum i.e. vs>vl>vg
As air is a mixture of gases therefore sound travels faster through water (liquid) than through air.

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