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Question

The function of 'buffer solution' is:
  1. to decrease the pH value on chemical reaction
  2. to keep the pH value constante in chemical reaction
  3. to increase the pH value in chemical reaction
  4. to increase or decrease the pH value of according the need

A
to keep the pH value constante in chemical reaction
B
to increase the pH value in chemical reaction
C
to decrease the pH value on chemical reaction
D
to increase or decrease the pH value of according the need
Solution
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A buffer solution is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or vice versa. Its pH changes very little when a small or moderate amount of strong acid or base is added to it and thus it is used to prevent changes in the pH of a solution.
So answer is D.

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