What are oxides, peroxides and superoxides ? Explain with example.
Oxides: Oxides have $$O^{2-} ions. $$ Oxides are binary compounds of oxygen with another elements e.g. $$Na_2O,Li_2O, $$ etc.
Peroxides: The peroxides are the compounds containing oxygen-oxygen $$(O-O) $$ single bond or peroxide ion $$ O_2^{2-} $$. The oxidation state of oxygen in peroxides is $$ -1. $$
These are strong oxidising agents e.g. $$ Na_2O_2,H_2O_2 $$ etc.
Superoxides: These are the compounds having superoxide ion $$ (O_2) $$. The state a oxygen in superoxides is $$ -1/2. $$ These are paramagnetic in nature due to presence of paired electrons,
e.g. $$KO_2,RbO_2 $$ etc.