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Question

What happens when:
(i) PCl5 is heated?
(ii) H3PO3 is heated?
Also write the reactions involved.

Solution
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(i) When phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) is heated, it decomposes into PCl3 and Cl2. This reaction is reversible.
PCl5PCl3+Cl2

(ii) Orthophosphorous acid (H3PO3) on heating gives H3PO4 and PH3. In this reaction, the oxidation number of P in H3PO3 is +3. After reaction, the oxidation number of P increases to +5 in H3PO4 and decreases to -3 in PH3. Therefore, this is called a disproportionation reaction.
H3PO33H3PO4+PH3

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